Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a high prevalence, causing serious harm to physical and mental health in children and parents, as well as some social problems. Notable advancements have been made in early identification, diagnosis, and comprehensive intervention of ASD, but its nutritional issues still warrant further exploration and attention. Researches have found that children with ASD often experience more severe nutritional problems in recent years, which involve breastfeeding, complementary foods and dietary behavior. These nutritional problems impact growth and development of children, and may be related to core symptoms of ASD. Scientific management of these nutritional issues, including behavior intervention, individualized dietary prescriptions and nutritional supplementation, plays an important role in improving the intervention efficacy and prognosis of children with ASD. To better improve the nutritional issues of children with ASD, routine nutritional assessment is recommended during the diagnosis and treatment of ASD, placing increased focus on the causes and risk factors of nutritional problems in children with ASD, and giving comprehensive intervention in their nutritional problems.

Key words: autism spectrum disorder, nutritional status, eating behavior, behavioral intervention

摘要： 孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种复杂的神经发育障碍,患病率高,对儿童身心健康危害大,对家长的心理和家庭功能也会造成严重不良影响,还会带来社会问题。近年来在其早期识别、诊断和综合干预方面不断取得进展,但其营养问题仍需进一步关注。研究发现,ASD儿童常常存在更多、更严重的营养问题,这些营养问题涉及母乳喂养、辅食添加和饮食行为等方面,影响其生长发育,还可能与ASD核心症状相关。通过行为干预、应用特殊饮食处方和营养补充剂等方法科学管理这些营养问题,对于改善ASD儿童的干预效果和预后发挥着重要作用。为更好地改善ASD儿童的营养问题,建议在ASD的诊治过程中常规进行营养状况评估,充分重视导致ASD儿童营养问题的原因和危险因素,综合干预其营养问题。

关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 营养状况, 饮食行为, 行为干预