Abstract: Objective To analyze the influencing factors of precocious puberty in girls, in order to provide evidence for children's healthcare. Methods A total of 177 precocious puberty girls treated in Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center between October 2019 and August 2022 were recruited as the case group, and 354 healthy girls matched 1∶2 by age were selected as the control group based on routine physical examination. Information of age, behavior factors were collected, height and body weight were recorded and body mass index(BMI) was calculated. The comparison between the two groups was performed using the t test or the χ² test. Logistic regression model was used to determine the potential influencing factors of precocious puberty. Results The average age of girls in case and control groups were (7.72±1.02) and (7.60±1.05) years old, respectively,and the difference was not significant (P>0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that larger waist circumference(OR=1.11, 95%CI: 1.07 - 1.15), screen time ＞1h/d(OR=4.35, 95%CI: 2.62 - 7.22), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity ≤1h/d(OR=3.14, 95%CI: 1.71 - 5.75), and higher ratio of plastic bottled water(OR=1.02, 95%CI:1.01 - 1.03) were risk factors, and mother's older age at menarche(OR=0.59, 95%CI:0.45 - 0.76), father's older age of first spermatorrhea(OR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.53 - 0.85), and longer nap time(OR=0.97, 95%CI: 0.96 - 0.98) were protective factors for precocious puberty in girls(P＜0.05). Conclusion Health education should be strengthened to help children establish good behavior habits to reduce the risk of precocious puberty in girls.

Key words: precocious puberty, girls, family factors, behavioral factors, lifestyle

摘要： 目的 分析女童性早熟发病的影响因素,为儿童卫生保健提供依据。方法 选取2019年10月—2022年8月天津市妇女儿童保健中心收治的性早熟女童177例作为病例组,通过健康查体招募健康女童354例(按年龄1∶2匹配)作为对照组。收集两组女童的年龄、行为方式等,测量身高和体重并计算体质量指数(BMI)。两组间比较采用t检验或χ²检验,采用Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果 病例组和对照组女童年龄分别为(7.72±1.02)岁和(7.60±1.05)岁,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,腰围大(OR=1.11,95%CI:1.07～1.15)、视屏时间>1h/d(OR=4.35,95%CI:2.62～7.22)、中高强度体力活动≤1h/d(OR=3.14,95%CI:1.71～5.75)、塑料桶/瓶装水饮用比例高(OR=1.02,95%CI:1.01～1.03)是女童性早熟的危险因素(P＜0.05);母亲月经初潮年龄大(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.45～0.76)、父亲首次遗精年龄大(OR=0.67,95%CI:0.53～0.85)、午睡时间长(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.96～0.98)是女童性早熟的保护因素(P＜0.05)。结论 建议加强儿童与家长的健康教育,帮助其养成良好的日常行为习惯,以预防女童性早熟的发生。

关键词: 性早熟, 女童, 家庭因素, 行为因素, 生活方式