运动对肥胖儿童青少年脂肪氧化动力学影响研究

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-1118

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析4周运动干预对肥胖儿童青少年运动时底物代谢变化的影响,探讨运动引起最大脂肪氧化率变化的影响因素。方法 2022年7—8月,招募45名10~16岁肥胖儿童青少年进行4周封闭式运动,实验前后均采用气体代谢分析仪(Cortex Meta Max 3B)测试递增负荷运动状态下的底物代谢,使用配对样本t检验比较运动前后变化差异。结果最终纳入41名肥胖儿童青少年进行统计分析,4周运动干预后,递增负荷运动中5~7km/h的脂肪氧化率(t=3.103、4.991、5.671)及其供能比(t=3.614、4.621、5.067)均显著高于干预前(P＜0.05);糖氧化率(t=3.599、3.397、2.866)及其供能比(t=3.614、4.621、5.067)均显著低于干预前(P＜0.05)。最大脂肪氧化率[(6.47±2.13)mg/(kg·min) vs. (5.26±1.40)mg/(kg·min),t=3.900]、最大脂肪氧化强度[(5.10±1.26)METs vs.(4.25±1.04)METs,t=3.809)和心率[(142.74±14.61)beat/min vs. (133.26±16.89)beat/min,t=3.820]均显著高于干预前(P＜0.01),最大脂肪氧化率变化量(ΔMFO)与最大摄氧量变化量(ΔVO_2max)呈显著正相关(β=0.448,P<0.01),与体脂百分比变化量(ΔBF%)呈显著负相关(β=-0.513,P<0.05)。结论 4周运动干预能有效提高肥胖儿童青少年脂肪氧化利用能力,降低糖的供能。最大摄氧量和体脂百分比是最大脂肪氧化率的重要影响因素。

关键词: 肥胖症, 底物代谢, 最大脂肪氧化率, 儿童, 青少年

Abstract: Objective To analyze the effects of a 4-week exercise intervention on substrate metabolism during exercise in children and adolescents with obesity, and to explore factors influencing exercise-induced changes in the maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO). Methods From July to August 2022, a total of 45 children and adolescents with obesity aged 10 - 16 years were recruited to participate in a 4-week structured exercise program.Substrate metabolism during graded exercise testing was assessed before and after the intervention using a gas metabolism analyzer (Cortex MetaMax 3B).Paired sample t-tests were employed to compare pre- and post-intervention differences. Results Forty-one participants were included in the final statistical analysis.After the 4-week exercise intervention, fat oxidation rates (t=3.103, 4.991, 5.671) and their energy contribution ratios (t=3.614, 4.621, 5.067) at speeds of 5 - 7km/h during graded exercise were significantly higher than those before the intervention (P<0.05).In contrast, carbohydrate oxidation rates (t=3.599, 3.397, 2.866) and their corresponding energy contribution ratios (t=3.614, 4.621, 5.067) were significantly lower (P < 0.05).The maximal fat oxidation rate increased significantly from (5.26±1.40) mg/(kg·min) to (6.47±2.13) mg/(kg·min) (t=3.900, P<0.01), the intensity at MFO (in METs) increased from 4.25±1.04 to 5.10±1.26 (t=3.809, P<0.01), and the heart rate at MFO increased from (133.26±16.89) beats/min to (142.74±14.61)beats/min (t=3.820, P<0.01).ΔMFO was positively correlated with the change of maximal oxygen uptake (ΔVO₂ max) (β =0.448, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with the change of body fat percentage (ΔBF%) (β=-0.513, P<0.05). Conclusions A 4-week exercise intervention effectively enhances fat oxidation utilization and reduces carbohydrate-dependent energy supply in children and adolescents with obesity.Maximal oxygen uptakeand body fat percentage are identified as significant factors influencing changes in maximal fat oxidation rate.

Key words: obesity, substrate metabolism, maximum fat oxidation rate, children, adolescents

中图分类号:

G804.32

谢维俊, 朱琳, 郑李, 梁曼娜. 运动对肥胖儿童青少年脂肪氧化动力学影响研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2025, 33(10): 1127-1131.

XIE Weijun, ZHU Lin, ZHENG Li, LIANG Manna. Effect of exercise on the dynamics of fat oxidation in obese children and adolescents[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2025, 33(10): 1127-1131.

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