黑龙江省营养包覆盖地区5岁以下儿童营养不良状况分析

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-0796

中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 897-901.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-0796

黑龙江省营养包覆盖地区5岁以下儿童营养不良状况分析

潘星月¹, 孙玉华¹, 张赛赛², 宋洋¹, 于淼², 王慧颖²

1.黑龙江省妇幼保健院,黑龙江哈尔滨 150020;
2.黑龙江省卫生健康委员会

收稿日期:2024-08-05 修回日期:2024-11-29 发布日期:2025-08-04 出版日期:2025-08-10
通讯作者: 王慧颖,E-mail: fyhljwst@163.com
作者简介:潘星月(1983—),女,副主任医师,硕士学位,主要研究方向为儿童营养与保健。
基金资助:
黑龙江省卫生健康委政策研究课题(2023004ZY)

Malnutrition ofchildren under 5 years old in the nutrition package used areas of Heilongjiang Province

PAN Xingyue¹, SUN Yuhua¹, ZHANG Saisai², SONG Yang¹, YU Miao², WANG Huiying²

1. Heilongjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150020, China;
2. Heilongjiang Provincial Health Commission

Received:2024-08-05 Revised:2024-11-29 Online:2025-08-10 Published:2025-08-04
Contact: WANG Huiying, E-mail:fyhljwst@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析黑龙江省营养包覆盖地区5岁以下儿童营养不良状况,为进一步科学开展儿童营养改善工作提供科学依据。方法统计2019—2023年黑龙江省项目实施情况,采用χ²检验分析34个项目县及33个非项目县5岁以下儿童营养不良指标的变化及差异。结果 2019—2023年营养包发放率(χ²=15 970.500)和有效服用率(χ²＝1 888.000)呈上升趋势(P<0.05);项目县5岁以下儿童低体重率、生长迟缓率、消瘦率、超重率、肥胖率、贫血率、中重度贫血率均呈下降趋势(P<0.05);项目县上述指标的年均增长率分别为-22.1%、-19.7%、-13.6%、-14.8%、-18.8%、-24.7%、-27.8%,分别是非项目县的1.3、1.3、1.5、2.4、20.9、1.6、0.8倍;2023年项目县5岁以下儿童生长迟缓率(χ²=871.205)、消瘦率(χ²＝884.040)、超重率(χ²＝6 418.899)、肥胖率(χ²＝3 173.702)均低于非项目县(P<0.05)。结论黑龙江省营养包覆盖地区5岁以下儿童营养不良状况显著改善,应持续有效开展营养改善项目。

关键词: 营养包, 5岁以下儿童, 生长发育, 营养不良

Abstract: Objective To analyze the malnutrition status of children under 5 years old in areas covered by the nutrition package program in Heilongjiang Province, so as to provide a scientific basis for further improving child nutrition interventions. Methods The implementation of the program in Heilongjiang Province from 2019 to 2023 was statistically analyzed. Changes and differences in growth and development indicators of children under 5 years old were compared between 34 program counties and 33 non-program counties using statistical tests. Results From 2019 to 2023, the distribution rate (χ²=15 970.500) and effective consumption rate (χ²=1 888.000) of nutrition packages showed an upward trend (P<0.05). In program counties, the rates of underweight, stunting, wasting, overweight, obesity, anemia, and moderate-to-severe anemia among children under 5 years old all demonstrated a declining trend (P<0.05). The average annual reduction rates for these indicators in program counties were -22.1%, -19.7%, -13.6%, -14.8%, -18.8%, -24.7%, and -27.8%, respectively, which were 1.3, 1.3, 1.5, 2.4, 20.9, 1.6, and 0.8 times as high as those of non-program counties. In 2023, the rates of stunting (χ²=871.205), wasting (χ²=884.040), overweight (χ²=6,418.899), and obesity (χ²=3 173.702) in program counties were significantly lower than those in non-program counties (P<0.05). Conclusion The growth and development status of children under 5 years old in areas covered by the nutrition package program in Heilongjiang Province has significantly improved. It is recommended to continue and effectively implement nutrition improvement programs.

Key words: nutrition package, children under 5 years of age, growth and development, malnutrition

中图分类号:

R179

潘星月, 孙玉华, 张赛赛, 宋洋, 于淼, 王慧颖. 黑龙江省营养包覆盖地区5岁以下儿童营养不良状况分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2025, 33(8): 897-901.

PAN Xingyue, SUN Yuhua, ZHANG Saisai, SONG Yang, YU Miao, WANG Huiying. Malnutrition ofchildren under 5 years old in the nutrition package used areas of Heilongjiang Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2025, 33(8): 897-901.

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黑龙江省营养包覆盖地区5岁以下儿童营养不良状况分析

Malnutrition ofchildren under 5 years old in the nutrition package used areas of Heilongjiang Province

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