妊娠期糖尿病对子代神经心理发育影响及机制研究进展

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-0899

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)是一种妊娠期常见病,常导致妊娠不良结局,甚至影响母体和子代未来的健康。对GDM子代进行的神经心理发育研究表明,其子代发育迟缓、注意缺陷多动障碍、学习困难、孤独症谱系障碍等的发病率增加。GDM对子代发育影响的机制涉及妊娠期胎盘改变、宫内氧化应激和出生后生长模式、基因表达变化等多方面。孕前和孕期健康管理,分娩后定期发育筛查和早期干预是针对GDM母亲和子代的必要手段。现对GDM对子代神经心理发育影响及机制进行综述,并提出管理意见。

关键词: 妊娠期糖尿病, 神经心理发育, 健康管理, 儿童

Abstract: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy-related disorder that often leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes and may have long-term health implications for both mothers and their offspring.Neuropsychological studies on GDM-exposed offspring indicate an increased incidence of developmental delays, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disabilities, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).The mechanisms underlying GDM′s impact on offspring development involve multiple factors, including placental alterations during pregnancy, intrauterine oxidative stress, postnatal growth patterns, and changes in gene expression.Preconception and antenatal health management, along with regular developmental screening and early intervention after delivery, are essential measures for mothers with GDM and their children.This review summarizes the effects of GDM on offspring neuropsychological development, explores potential mechanisms, and proposes management recommendations.

Key words: gestational diabetes mellitus, neuropsychological development, health management, children

中图分类号:

R179

霍云凤, 吴娟娟, 王华. 妊娠期糖尿病对子代神经心理发育影响及机制研究进展[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2025, 33(12): 1338-1342.

HUO Yunfeng, WU Juanjuan, WANG Hua. Progress on the impact of gestational diabetes mellitus on offspring neuropsychological development and its mechanisms[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2025, 33(12): 1338-1342.

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