关键词: 流行性感冒, 流感病毒监测, 临床特征, 血常规

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the children with influenza, and to explore the value of blood routine test in early diagnosis of influenza, so as to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods All the influenza-like cases from the Pediatric Emergency Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University were enrolled in this study from December 2018 to April 2019.The antigen of influenza virus was detected according to the influenza virus antigen detection kit (colloidal gold method) in nasal or throat swabs and the blood cell count and morphological by peripheral venous blood.And the epidemic characteristics and the characteristics of different cell types in blood routines were analyzed and compared among children with the influenza A, B and acute upper respiratory infection at different ages. Results Totally 442 influenza-like cases were enrolled in this study, and were divide into influenza A group(n=187), influenza B group (n=60) and acute upper respiratory infection group(n=195).There were no significant differences on general data among the three groups.Children with influenza A and B most had high fever, while upper respiratory tract infections had moderate fever.The levels of white blood cell counts, platelet count, neutrophil count and lymphocyte count in children with acute upper respiratory tract infection were significantly higher than those in children with influenza A and/or B at the same age.The percentage of monocytes in children under 6 years old and with upper respiratory tract infection was lower than that of children with influenza A.For children aged 6 to 14 years, the percentage of monocytes in children with upper respiratory tract infection was significantly lower than that in children with influenza A and/or B at the same age.Furthermore, the higher the temperature, the higher the percentage of monocytes would be in children under 3 years old. Conclusions Children with influenza usually has a higher fever temperature than those with common upper respiratory infections.Differential blood cell counts can partially help distinguish influenza from common upper respiratory infections.

Key words: influenza, influenza virus surveillance, clinical characteristic, blood routine tests