Objective To understand the status of accident injury of rural children aged 3~6 in Zibo County and provide the basis data for injury prevention interventions. Methods According to the principle of cluster sampling, a total of 1 231 children of Zibo county, aged 3~6 years old were selected as subjects.Self-made questionnaire was used to collect information related to accident injury. Results The accident injury rate of preschool children was 6.58%.The home listed the top site of occurring accident injury and slip was the most common reason of injury.The injured parts were mainly in extremity.The more occurred injury season were summer and winter.The majority injury degree was mild and the average of total treatment costs was 675.3 yuan. Conclusions The data showed a higher incidence of accidental injuries among preschool children.Therefore safety education and management should be strengthened in terms of preventing injury of children.