Objective To survey of pediatric mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection incidence, sex, onset season and age distribution. Method SERODIA^@-MYCO Ⅱ particle agglutination method on the inpatient and outpatient children with respiratory tract infection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibodies in the serum (MP-IgM) test. Results In 3 years, 5 924 cases of pneumonia in children were detected, positive for 2 321 cases, the positive rate was 39.13%;Male children were 34.40% (1 208/3 512), lower than female children with 46.14% (1 113/2 412), the difference had statistical significance (χ²= 82.82, P<0.01).MP antibody positive rate was highest in the fourth quarter (10~12 months), 42.00% (625/1 488), the second in the first quarter (1~3 months), 41.25% (528/1 280).There were significant difference in 14 groups (P<0.01);Aged 0~1 MP positive rate was 13.55%, the lowest followed by 1~2 years of age and MP positive rate between 2~3 years old, aged 9~10 MP positive rate up to 65.03%, 5~14 years old age range MP about 51%~65% positive rate remains high level, visible MP positive rate in children with age growth.In 2010-2012 MP antibody positive rate was no statistical significance. Conclusions MP positive women were more than men, the peak period of MP infection are the first quarter and 4th quarter;The MP infection range for the age of 5~14 years old, MP positive rate in 3 years were no difference during the period of 2010 to 2012, the detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and the prevention and control should strengthen in clinical works.