Objective To explore bone and mineral metabolism in different neonates,and compare the diagonostic value of bone and mineral metabolism markers in bone metabolism abnormality,and provide basis for early intervention. Method The concentrations of serum osteocalcin (OC),beta-crossLaps (β-CTx),calcium,25-hydroxycholecalciferol[25-(OH)D₃]and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured in 62 full-term infants,28 preterm infants(12 very low birth weight,16 extremely very low birth weight),and the data were statistically analyzed. Results The concentration of serum β-CTx in group of preterm infants was higher than that in group of full-term infants(P<0.05),and the concentration of serum calcium and PTH were less than those in full-term infants(P<0.01 and <0.05);Level of serum OC in preterm infants had positive correlations with serum calcium and 25-(OH)D₃,and level of serum β-CTx had negative correlations with serum calcium and 25-(OH)D₃;The concentrations of serum OC and calcium in group of very low birth weight infants were less than those in low birth weight infants(P<0.05),and the concentrations of serum β-CTx were higher than that in low birth weight infants(P<0.05);Level of serum OC in very low birth weight infants had positive correlations with serum calcium and 25-(OH)D₃,and level of serum β-CTx had negative correlations with serum calcium and 25-(OH)D₃;Levels of serum OC and calcium in neonates had positive correlations with gestational age and birth weight,and level of serum β-CTx had negative correlations with gestational age and birth weight. Conclusions The main factors which affect levels of bone and mineral markers in neonates are geatational age and birth weight,preterm infants easily occur bone metabolism abnormality,and the less gestational age (the less birth weight),the more easily occur bone metabolism abnormality,we need pay attention to find bone metabolism abnormality early and supple vitamin D and calcium.