Objective To explore the relationship between depressive mood of middle school students and family environment,and provide basis for students' mental health improvement. Method A sample of 840 students were surveyed by using questionnaires on the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Family Environment Scale (FES-CV),and Self-rated Inventory. Results Of all the respondents,365(43.5%)had depression (SDS>40),and mild,moderate and severe depression were 259(30.8%),87(10.4%) and 19(2.3)%,respectively.Depression score of girls was higher than boys,depression and family conflict score of senior high school students were both higher than junior high school students.Scores of depression were negative correlated with the family cohesion,expressiveness,intellectual-cultural orientation,active-recreational orientation,and organization(r=-0.24,-0.23,-0.20,-0.20,-0.19 and -0.23,respectively,P<0.01),and scores were significantly positive correlation with family conflict (r=0.27,P<0.01). Conclusion Family environmental factors have important influence on depression,health services should pay attention to psychology develops of adolescents who lived in bad family environment.