Objective To know the children's self-conception level in a primary school in Beijing,and to probe the relationship between children's self-conception level and the Child Behavior Checklist. Methods Students in grade 3 to 6 and their parents would be surveyed by using Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL) and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (CSCS) respectively in a primary school in Beijing,then the results were analyzed by statistical methods. Results 135 children including 69 boys and 66 girls involved in this study.The differences of self-conception level between boys and girls had no statistics significance (χ²=5.180,P=0.055).The lower scores in children problem subscale(r=-0.423)and the higher scores in social competence subscale(r=0.803),the higher scores were found in the two subscales in CSCS:physical appearance and attributes(r=0.777)and behavioral adjustment (r=0.599)according to canonical correlation analysis. Conclusions 1)The difference of self-conception between boys and girls have not be found.2)The CBCL can forecast the status of the child's self-conception in some subscales.