【Objective】 To understand the rate of supplementary of vitamin A of children under three years in 45 counties of western region of China and explore its spatial factors from communities in order to provide a valuable reference to related work carried out in the future. 【Methods】 Descriptive statistics,hypothesis testing and rank correlation were used to analyze the data of the supplementary of vitamin A and its possible from the field survey database,and spatial data analysis was done. 【Results】 The rate of supplementary of vitamin A of 10 provinces were from 52.29%(378/719)to 81.29%(239/294),and the rate of supplementary of vitamin A of 45 counties were from 39.58%(57/144)to 91.49%(215/235),of which 20 counties the rate were less than 70%.The hypothesis testing showed that there was statistically significant difference among the provinces and counties.Rank correlation analysis showed that only "the village population in the end of last year," and "the number of children under three years old in the end of last year," had negative rank correlation with the rate of supplementary of vitamin of children under three years old. 【Conclusion】 The rate of supplementary of vitamin A of children under three years old is still not satisfied and it is not found that spatial distances impact on the rate of supplementary of vitamin A.