Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of physical fitness training on social adaptive behavior of children with global developmental delay (GDD), in order to provide treatment experience for GDD children. Methods From November 2021 to December 2022, a total of 60 children with GDD diagnosed and treated in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University were enrolled in this study, and were randomly divided into control group (n=30) and test group (n=30).The control group received routine rehabilitation treatment, and the test group received physical fitness training additionally.The intervention lasted for 12 weeks, with the frequency of 3times/week, 30min/time.All subjects were tested for physical fitness and children′s social adaptive behavior before and after training. Results Before treatment, the difference between the results of physical fitness test and social adaptive behavior scores of the GDD children in two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05).After 3 months of treatment, the physical fitness test scores, except body mass index (BMI), and social adaptive behavior scores of the GDD children in two groups were significantly different from those before treatment (P<0.05), and the physical fitness test scores (except for height, weight and BMI) and the social adaptive behavior of the test group were better than those of the control group (t=2.363,4.020,3.331,3.338,P<0.05). Conclusion Physical fitness training can significantly improve the adaptive behavior, independent function, cognitive function and social/self-control ability of GDD children.

Key words: physical fitness, physical fitness training, global developmental delay, social adaptive behavior, adaptive ability

摘要： 目的 探究体适能训练对全面性发育迟缓儿童(GDD)社会适应行为的影响,为GDD儿童提供更有效更适宜的康复治疗方法。方法 选取2021年11月—2022年12月,在佳木斯大学附属第三医院确诊并接受治疗的GDD儿童60例,按照随机数字表法将其随机纳入对照组(n=30)和试验组(n=30),对照组进行常规康复治疗,试验组在常规康复的基础上进行为期12周的体适能训练,每周3次,每次30min。所有受试者在训练前、训练后进行体适能测试以及儿童社会适应行为评定。结果 治疗前,两组GDD儿童体适能测试、儿童社会适应行为评分结果差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),经过3个月的治疗后,两组GDD儿童的体适能测试得分(除BMI)及儿童社会适应行为评分与治疗前相比差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);且试验组的体适能测试得分(除身高、体重、BMI)优于对照组(P＜0.05),儿童适应商以及各分因子(独立因子、认知因子、社会/自制因子评分)均高于对照组(t=2.363、4.020、3.331、3.338,P＜0.01)。结论 体适能训练对GDD儿童的适应行为、独立功能、认知功能和社会/自制能力均有显著的提高。

关键词: 体适能, 体适能训练, 全面性发育迟缓, 社会适应行为, 适应能力