Objective To explore the nutritional risk of hospitalized children with severe pneumonia and its correlation with clinical outcome,so as to provide scientific basis for clinical nutritional treatment. Methods Totally 236 children with severe pneumonia aged 1 to 14 years in Pediatrics Department of People′s Hospital in Zaoqiang County were screened for nutritional risk using the child nutrition risk and dysplasia screening tool.Total protein,albumin,prealbumin and hemoglobin levels were tested by fasting blood sampling,and data such as mechanical ventilation time,infection complications,hospitalization time,total hospitalization cost and application of nutritional support were recorded for analysis. Results Children with low,moderate and severe nutrition risk accounted for 28.4%(67/236),48.7%(115/236) and 22.9%(54/236),respectively.The rate of severe nutrition risk in children aged 1 to 2 years and 3 to 5 years was obviously higher than the other two age groups(P<0.05).Also,the low nutrition risk in children 11 to 14 year-old children was significantly higher than that in the other three age groups(P<0.05).Moreover,14.0% received total parenteral nutrition support,25.5% had parenteral combined with enteral nutrition support,24.5% underwent total enteral nutrition support,and 36.0% were not given any nutritional support.The levels of total protein,albumin,prealbumin and hemoglobin in high nutrition risk group were lower than those in low nutrition risk group and moderate nutrition risk group.Likewise,high nutrition risk group had higher incidence of infectious complications,more days of hospitalization and higher hospital expenses than moderate or low nutrition risk group(P<0.05). Conclusion The nutrition risk is closely related to clinical outcome of children with severe pneumonia,so it is supposed to give rational nutrition intervention to the high-risk children.