Objective To understand the characteristics and treatment of chronic cough in children and provide clinical basis for standardized treatment of the disease in Fuzhou area of Fujian province. Methods According to the 2008 Guideline of the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough in children,364 qualified cases were collected and completed follow-up in Department of Allergy of Fuzhou Children's Hospital.All data were statistical analyzed through SPSS 19.0 software. Results 1)In the qualified cases of chronic cough,the leading three etiologies were cough variant asthma (CVA,47.0%),upper airway cough syndrome (UACS,28.6%),and post-infection cough (PIC,15.9%).2)Clinical characteristics were analyzed in the etiologies of chronic cough:coughing fit time CVA at night (75.7%),UACS early in the morning (74.8%) and PIC during the day (80.4%),gastroesophageal reflux cough (GERC) at night (88.2%).3)The etiologies of chronic cough were treat with 3~4 kinds of drugs in the first visit 246 (67.58%),more than 5 kinds of drugs in the first visit 28 (7.69%)(χ²=416.894,P＜0.001).4)The etiologies of chronic cough used drugs in the first visit and followed up for 3 months:CVA were given priority to antihistamines and leukotriene.UACS and PIC were given priority to antibiotic and antihistamines.GERC were given priority to promoting gastric dynamics medicine and Inhibiting gastric acid drugs. Conclusions 1)The etiologies of chronic cough have different characteristics,to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment in the first visit according to its characteristics.2)The diversity of chronic cough medicine in Fuzhou was area related to the complexity of the etiologies of chronic cough,correcting diagnosis dynamically,the habits of using drug,etc.It reminded clinicians to attach great importance to the observation of cough therapeutic effect,regular follow-up,correcting diagnosis timely and adjusting the medication.