Objective To analyze nutritional status of women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) and physical development of the offsprings of GDMs(OGDM),and to provide theoretical support for scientific and early nutrition interventions. Methods Totally 339 women with GDM and their babies were investigated,there after 114 of them were followed up at 6 months of age.The physical examinations of children were completed by trained health staff to collect growth parameters. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that after the adjustment for gender,maternal age and other confounding factors,poor glycemic control during pregnancy (OR=4.44,95%CI:1.69～11.69) was identified to be associated with low birth weight; maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (OR=1.18,95%CI:1.06～1.30) and gestational weight gain (OR=1.11,95%CI:1.04～1.18) were effect factors of macrosomia.Neonatal birth weight and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI,gestational weight gain had significant positive correlation (P<0.05);The weight-for-age Z scores (WAZ) and height-for-age Z scores (HAZ),bmi-for-age Z scores (BAZ) at 6 months were positively associated with neonatal birth weight (P<0.05).Pre-pregnancy BMI,gestational weight gain,neonatal birth weight were influencing factors of cesarean section. Conclusions OGDM had higher numbers of low birth weight and macrosomia.Ideal glycemic control during pregnancy can reduce the occurrence of low birth weight and macrosomia.To prevent long-term complications of OGDM,perinatal care should be strengthened.More importantly,these newborns should be included in the management system of high risk children from birth,their nutritional status and physical development and growth also should be closely monitored.