Objective To investigate the quality of life of school-age children with malignant tumors and the influential factors analysis. Method A cluster random sampling method was conducted to recruit 240 children with leukemia and other malignancies in 8 first-class hospitals in Beijing and Tangshan from 2011 to 2012, and they were investigated by PedsQL^TM4.0 and PedsQL^TM3.0. Results 6~8 year-old children 's scores of physiological function (37.28±11.67), role function (51.72±11.43), operational anxiety (40.24±11.51), Communication (42.32±10.57) were below 9~11 year-old children (P all <0.05);while emotional function (59.43±14.53), social function (54.69±12.61), the anxiety of treatment (51.11±11.41), fear (64.19±12.49) and evaluation of appearance (70.14±11.67) were higher than 9~11 year-old children(P all<0.05).Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that child's age, disease duration>2 years, hospitalizations ≥ 3 times were into the regression equation (P<0.05). Conclusions 6~8 year-old children need more care in physiological function than 9~11 year-old children, while the 9~11 year-old children need more emotional support.The increasing times of hospitalizations of children with malignant tumor reduced children's quality of life.