目的 了解绍兴地区3~6岁儿童单纯性肥胖的流行特征及其影响因素, 为肥胖儿的早期干预提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法选取本地区17 640 名学龄前儿童作为研究对象, 进行相关的体格测量、评价和问卷调查。结果 17 640名学龄前儿童中, 单纯性肥胖检出率为4.92 %, 男童为5.72%, 女童为4.04%, 差异有统计学意义(χ²=50.111, P<0.01);超重检出率为11.05 %, 男童为10.96%, 女童为11.52%, 无性别差异(χ²=1.703, P>0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析显示:出生体重, 纯母乳喂养持续时间, 看电视时间, 母亲BMI, 进食速度, 甜食摄入频率与肥胖的发生关系密切。结论 本地区学龄前儿童肥胖和超重的检出率处于较高水平。应加强对肥胖和超重的学龄前儿童的综合管理和早期干预, 降低肥胖和超重的发生率。

Objective To study the epidemiological features of prevalence and influencing factors of obesity among preschool children, and to provide scientific basis for early intervention. Method Cluster-random sampling method was used to investigate 17 640 preschool children, and all of the children were involved in physical measurements, evaluation and questionnaires. Results The overall prevalence rate of obesity was 4.92%, 5.72% for boys and 4.04% for girls, there was significant difference in different sex(χ²=50.111, P<0.01).While the overall prevalence rate of overweight was 11.05%, 10.96% for boys and 11.52% for girls.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that birth weight, duration of exclusive breastfeeding, hours of watching TV, mother's BMI, eating speed, frequency of intake sweets were closely related to obesity. Conclusions The prevalence rate of obesity and overweight is at a high level.In order to reduce the incidence rate, the integrated management should be strengthened about the preschool children with obesity or overweight.