目的 了解8~16月龄儿童各类词汇理解的发育特点, 探索婴幼儿中文词汇理解的早期发展规律。方法 使用《汉语沟通发展量表》, 采用父母报告方式, 对沈阳城区620名8~16月龄儿童的词汇理解发展情况进行了研究。结果 8~16月龄是儿童词汇理解能力增长的高速期, 8月龄婴儿平均理解词汇53个, 其中名词23个, 动词16个, 形容词3个;16月龄儿童平均理解词汇310个, 包括名词153个, 动词69个, 形容词31个。名词和动词总共稳定占有理解总量的70%以上, 其中名词所占比例逐渐增高, 动词比例逐渐下降, 形容词与名词理解的发展趋势相关度最高。结论 8~16月龄段是儿童词汇理解的快速发展期, 婴幼儿8月龄时理解的词汇数平均达50个, 16月龄时达300个。各类词汇发展进程不同, 能理解的名词和动词数量达到50个的时间分别是10月龄和13月龄, 16月龄时形容词理解量达到30个。

Objective To investigate the developmental characteristics of children aged 8~16 months of lexical comprehension, explore the early development of Chinese vocabulary comprehension in infants. Methods Using Chinese communicative Development Inventory (CCDI Putonghua version), parents of 620 children(8~16 months)were asked to reported their children's language abilities. Results From 8~16 months of age was the rapid growth of the vocabulary comprehension, vocabulary comprehension capacity increased steadily in all sections with chronological age.Eighty-month-old children could understand an average of 53 words, include 23 nouns and 16 verbs.By 16 months, children could understand 310 words, include 153 nouns and 69 verbs.Nouns and verbs were stable occupy more than 70%, noun proportion increased gradually, the verb occupies the proportion declined gradually. Conclusion 8~16 months of age is a period of rapid development of children's vocabulary comprehension.By 8 months children could understand to 50 words, In 16 months, children could understand 300 words.