目的 探讨早期综合干预对培养婴幼儿健全人格的影响, 为儿童的优育优教提供依据。方法 选择2007年9-12月出生于中山市并在中山市博爱医院进行常规体检的正常新生儿88人, 随机分为干预组46例, 对照组42例。两组均定期随访, 干预组除一般养育指导外, 由经培训的专业人员负责进行健全人格培养的个体化指导, 并定期组织培训课程的学习等。在婴儿1~4个月和2.5~3岁完成儿童气质量表, 2.5~3岁时采用幼儿人格发展趋向量表(Personality Tendency Scale for Children, PTSC)、Achenbach儿童行为量表(Achenbach Children's Behavior Check List, CBCL)、婴幼儿智能发育量表(Children's Developmental Center of China, CDCC)等标准化工具进行评估。结果 干预组PTSC(t=4.276, P<0.001)、CDCC[智力发育指数MDI(t=4.775), 运动发育指数PDI(t=2.559), P均<0.05]的各项平均分及气质特点(χ2 =17.636, P=0.001)与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义, 干预组的结果均显著优于对照组。结论 早期综合干预能显著促进婴幼儿健全人格的发展, 0~3岁是培养婴幼儿健全人格的关键时期。
Abstract
Objective To explore the effects of early intervention on healthy personality development in infants and the evidence for optimized nurture and education. Methods A total of 88 newborns who were born from September to December 2007 in Zhongshan city and took periodic medical examinations in Boai Hospital of Zhongshan City were chosen and randomly assigned to early intervention group (46 cases) and control group (42 cases).Regular follow-up and general parenting guidance were performed for both groups.In addition to common health guidance, individualized instructions of healthy personality and training courses for parents were organized by well-trained professionals for early intervention group.The standard instruments used to assess the effect of intervention were Temperament Questionnaire (1~4 months old and 2.5~3 years old), Personality Tendency Scale for Children (PTSC) (2.5~3 years old), Achenbach Children Behavior Check list (CBCL) and Children′s Developmental Center of China (CDCC). Results The mean scores of PTSC (t=4.276, P<0.001), CDCC (Mental Development Index, t=4.775, P<0.01; Psychomotive Development Index, t=2.559, P<0.05) and Temperament (χ2=17.636, P=0.001) in the intervention group were significantly better than those in control group. Conclusion Early intervention can significantly promote the formation of a healthy personality of early childhood; it is a golden stage to cultivate infants' healthy personality in 0～3 years old.
关键词
健全人格 /
早期干预 /
行为 /
气质 /
婴幼儿
Key words
healthy personality /
early intervention /
behavior /
temperament /
infants
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 北京儿童少年心理卫生中心.儿童人格发展趋势量表使用指导手册[M].北京, 2009:2-14.
[2] 鲍秀兰, 郑毅, 孙淑英, 等.0~3岁早期综合干预培养婴幼儿健全人格的研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2011, 19(7):606-609.
[3] 鲍秀兰.0~3儿童最佳的人生开端[M].北京:中国发展出版社, 2006:201-216.
[4] 洪琦, 张风, 周胜利, 等.儿童气质测查量表的修订和标准化[J].中华儿科杂志, 1999, 37(3):135-138.
[5] 范存仁.CDCC婴幼儿智能发育量表的编制[J].心理学报, 1989, 2(2):130-139.
[6] 刘灵, 吴立云, 姚凯南.2~3岁幼儿行为量表全国城市常模的制定[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2003, 11(6):377-379.
[7] 穆凤霞, 于洋, 戴耀华, 等.早期干预对婴幼儿社会情绪发展的影响[J].中国妇幼健康研究, 2012, 23(4):413-415.
[8] 早期干预降低早产儿脑性瘫痪发生率研究协作组.降低早产儿脑性瘫痪发生率的临床研究[J].中华儿科杂志, 2005, 43(4):244-247.
[9] 王红, 冉域辰, 陈昶旭, 等.早期干预对早产儿体格和智能发育的影响[J].现代预防医学, 2011, 38(1):42-44.
[10] 郭春燕, 王瑞珊, 昌爱慧.小于胎龄儿早期干预疗效观察[J].现代预防医学, 2013, 40(3):436-436.
基金
广东省中山市科技计划项目(20091A043, 20102A036)
PDF(474 KB)
