目的 获得沈阳市2008-2012年5岁以下儿童死亡情况及主要死亡原因, 探讨干预措施。方法 对沈阳市2008-2012年5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2008-2012年沈阳市5岁以下儿童死亡率、婴儿死亡率和新生儿死亡率呈下降趋势。5岁以下儿童死亡率城乡差距缩小。早产低出生体重、先天性心脏病、其它先天异常、窒息、肺炎是5岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因。结论 加强健康教育、预防早产低出生体重和出生缺陷发生、提高农村医疗保健水平、降低婴儿特别是新生儿死亡率, 是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。

Objective To obtain the mortality situation and the major death causes among children under 5 years old in Shenyang from 2008 to 2012.and explore the intervention measures. Method The monitoring mortality data of children under 5 years old were analyzed statistically. Results Mortality of children under 5 years old, infant mortality and neonatal mortality had trended down during 2008 to 2012 in Shenyang.The gap between town and countryside in mortality of children under 5 years old was decreased.Preterm and low birth weight, congenital heart disease, other congenital anomalies, birth asphyxia and pneumonia were the major causes of death in children under 5 years old. Conclusion Strengthening health education, preventing preterm, low birth weight and birth defects, improving health care level in countryside, reducing the mortality of infants especially neonates are the key points to reduce the mortality of children under 5 years.