目的 探讨婴幼儿乳房发育的相关危险因素, 提高对本病的认识。方法 对207例乳房早发育的婴幼儿女童、87例健康无第二性征发育婴幼儿女童, 均测定血清雌二醇、卵泡刺激素、黄体生成素水平, 并填写调查问卷表。结果 家庭附近有污染性工厂, 母亲初潮年龄早, 塑料制品(奶瓶、餐具、玩具、食品包装材料等)使用频率高, 母亲怀孕期间经常上网, 常食动物性食品或高蛋白饮食, 常食油炸食品、饮料、膨化食品、棒冰等含防腐剂色素食品, 喂养方式(奶粉喂养、混合喂养), 血清雌二醇值对0~2岁女童乳房早发育有重要影响。结论 家庭周围有环境污染、母亲早初潮、不良饮食习惯、母亲怀孕期间经常上网、喂养方式以奶粉喂养或混合喂养为主、血清雌二醇升高与0～2岁的女童乳房早发育关系密切。

Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with breast development in infants and young children, and to raise awareness of the disease. Methods 207 cases of infant girls with premature thelarche, 87 cases of healthy infant girls without secondary sexual characteristics were measured in serum estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone levels, then filled out the survey questionnaire. Results Family near polluting factories, the mother early age at menarche, high frequency use of plastic products ( bottles, tableware, toys, food packaging materials, et al.), the mother during pregnancy often online, often eat animal food or high-protein diet, often eat fried food, drinks, puffed food sucker pigmented foods containing preservatives, feeding patterns (formula feeding, mixed feeding), estradiol value were closely related to 0 to 2-year-old girl's breast early development. Conclusion Environmental pollution around the family, the mother early menarche, bad eating habits, regular internet users during the mother's pregnancy, feeding with formula feeding or mixed feeding mainly elevated serum estradiol are closely related to 0 to 2 year-old girl's premature thelarche.