目的 了解婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的现状并探讨其主要影响因素。方法 随机抽取江苏丹阳6～24月的婴幼儿及其看护人作为调查对象, 对婴幼儿进行体格测量、血红蛋白和微量元素铁的测定, 通过对其监护人的现场问卷调查获得婴幼儿、母亲及父亲的基本情况、母亲孕期及哺乳期相关情况、家庭一般情况、婴幼儿喂养情况、家庭饮食习惯、接受健康教育情况等相关资料。应用多因素非条件二分类Logistic回归分析筛选婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的主要影响因素。结果 婴幼儿贫血患病率为23.32%。过早或过晚添加辅食、母亲孕晚期是否贫血、是否添加富含铁的食物、母亲哺乳期营养状况、家庭年人均收入、母亲文化程度、是否接受育儿指导等7个因素是婴幼儿缺铁性贫血的主要影响因素。结论 应重点针对当地经济条件较差、父母亲文化水平低的地区开展多种形式的健康教育, 提倡科学喂养, 合理地添加辅食, 多措并举才能降低婴幼儿缺铁性贫血患病率。

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of iron deficient anemia (IDA) among infants aged 6~24 months. Methods 416 infants aged 6~24 months and their parents were recruited.The hemoglobin levels of infants were measured and the questionnaires to their parents were used for data collection.Multifactor logistic regression analysis was conducted to screening the mainly factors of the IDA. Results The total prevalence of anemia was 23.32%.Seven factors, including complementary feeding time, late gestation anemia of mother, add iron-rich foods, the nutritional status of lactating mother, economic status, education level of mothers, and the frequency of health education were the main influencing factors of iron deficient anemia. Conclusion We should take some measures, such as health education to scientific feeding, reasonable to add complementary, and advocates of iron fortified soy sauce, to reduce infant IDA prevalence rate in the areas with poor local economic conditions and to the parents with poor education level.