目的 了解十堰市城区3~6岁儿童维生素A营养状况及其影响因素, 为制订干预对策提供依据。方法 抽取十堰市城区某幼儿园3~6岁儿童225名, 通过问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查了解被调查儿童的家庭情况、饮食习惯、生长发育情况及健康状况等。以高效液相色谱法测定血清视黄醇的含量。结果 205名儿童的血清维生素A均值为(1.27±0.40)μmol/L, 亚临床维生素A缺乏(subclinical vitamin A deficiency, SVAD)患病率为5.37%, 可疑SVAD患病率为21.46%。单因素分析发现年龄、母亲的文化程度、家庭年总收入、家庭年饮食消费开支、食欲、血红蛋白、脂肪吸收试验、营养素补充剂服用情况有统计学意义。多因素分析发现只有脂肪吸收试验有统计学意义, 脂肪吸收试验阳性组SVAD患病率明显高于阴性组。结论 SVAD是十堰市城区幼儿园集体儿童尚存的营养问题之一, 应加强幼儿园儿童SVAD和可疑SVAD的防治工作。

Objective To study the current status of serum vitamin A level and its influence factors of children in urban area in Shiyan city. Methods 225 children aged 3~6 years old from kindergarten in the urban area were selected.The data of children's family situation, eating habits, growth and development, and children's health status were collected through the questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory examination.A method of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the level of serum retinol. Results The serum retinol concentration was (1.48±0.52)μmol/L, The prevalence of subclinical vitamin A deficiency (SVAD) was 5.37%, and the prevalence of suspicious SVAD was 21.5%.Univariate analysis showed that age, mother's education level, household income, household expenditure on food, appetite, hemoglobin, fat absorption test, whether taking nutritional supplements were statistically significant.Only fat absorption test was found to be statistically significant after the multivariate analysis, the positive group had higher SVAD prevalence than that of negative group. Conclusion SVAD is still a nutrition problem in kindergartens in urban area in Shiyan city, the work of prevention and control SVAD and suspicious SVAD should be strengthened in kindergarten.