目的 调查西部山区农村学龄儿童跌落伤发生的情况、分析影响因素，为开展儿童跌落伤防控工作提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法，调查获得跌落伤的相关信息。结果 抽取遵义市农村学龄儿童共2 854名(男1 437，女1 417)，跌落伤年发生率为6.2%(178例)，占伤害总人数的37.3%，且年龄差异有统计学意义(P <0.001)。跌落伤发生地点以家里(37.1%)和学校(29.2%)为主;伤害多在玩耍时发生(41.6%);伤害部位以四肢(72.4%)为主，而跌落伤预防相关知识平均掌握率为79.0%。结论 遵义市农村学龄儿童跌落伤发生率较高，是意外伤害的首位原因，且伤害预防相关知识仍不足，提示要全社会共同努力，创建安全环境，切实降低学龄儿童跌落伤的发生率。

Objective To investigate the incidence and explore the risk factors of fall injuries in school-aged children in Zunyi,and to provide a scientific evidence for the prevention and controlling of children's injuries. Methods Using a stratified sampling method,a total of 2 854 rural children (1 437 boys and 1 417 girls) were recruited.Fall injury-related items were collected using a structured questionnaire in a class interview. Results The fall incidence was 6.2% (n=178) with a proportion 37.3% of overall injuries.Moreover,there was a significant difference between different age.The main locations of falls were at homes (37.1%) and schools (29.2%); the top cause of fall injuries was entertainment (41.6%);And the first injury part of body was limbs (72.4%).The cognition rate about falls prevention was 79.0%. Conclusions The incidence of fall injuries of school-aged children in rural Zunyi accounts for the highest proportion of overall injuries,moreover,it relates to lack of injury-prevention knowledge.The results suggest that efforts should be taken to create a safe environment to prevent children from fall injuries in the whole society.