目的 了解合肥市新生儿疾病筛查不合格血片原因、分布及变化趋势，为提高今后的新筛工作质量提供参考。方法 对全市各县区医疗机构递送的不合格血片按年度和医院类别进行分类整理、统计。结果 5年间新筛总体血片不合格率为0.68%，总体上呈下降趋势，其中2009-2010年血片不合格率最高(1.46%)，2012-2013年最低(0.21%)。血片不合格首要原因为血片无法洗脱或浸润。从医院类别来看，乡镇卫生院血片不合格率及构成比均最高;不合格血片召回率总体上呈上升趋势。结论 合肥市新生儿疾病筛查工作质量逐年提高，今后需要加强对助产机构的人员培训和检查督导，特别是基层乡镇卫生院。

Objective To analyse the causes and distribution and trends of neonatal screening unqualified blood films in Hefei and to improve the quality of future neonatal screening. Method The unqualified blood films of medical institutions were sorted and counted by year and hospital type. Results From 2009 to 2013,the rate of unqualified blood films was 0.68%,it decreased overall,the highest rate of unqualified blood films was from 2009 to 2010 (1.46%),the lowest was from 2012 to 2013(0.21%).The first cause of unqualified blood films was that the blood film could not be eluted or infiltrated.From the hospital type distribution,the rate and propotion of unqualified blood films from rural township hospital was the highest.The rate of unqualified blood films recalled appeared rising trend overall. Condusions The main causes of the unqualified blood films in Hefei are that the blood does not permeate the film,the blood film could not be eluted or infiltrated and it is polluted,the area size of blood spot is less than 5 millimeter.The distribution of the unqualified blood films does exists difference between hospital categories.The quality of neonatal screening progressed year by year in Hefei.It is need to strengthen training and supervising to midwifery institutions,especially the rural township hospital.