目的 分析7岁以下儿童意外伤害的特点及相关因素, 为有效预防提供理论依据。方法 回顾性分析从化市2012年1-12月发生的488例7岁以下儿童意外伤害病例。结果 儿童意外伤害的顺位为跌伤、动物伤害、烧烫伤、锐器伤、道路交通伤和异物伤, 意外伤害的性别及年龄分布差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01), 男童发生动物伤害的比例高于女童(P＜0.01), 而女童烧烫伤的比例高于男童(P＜0.05);3~7岁儿童道路交通伤发生的比例高于0~2岁儿童(P＜0.01), 而异物伤低于0~2岁儿童(P＜0.01)。在幼儿园由老师看护的儿童, 中重度意外伤害发生的比例较高。结论 儿童意外伤害动物伤害的发生率较高, 高年龄儿童易发生道路交通伤, 低年龄儿童易发生异物伤, 托幼园所是意外伤害预防的重点, 应根据儿童意外伤害发生的特点, 采取有针对性的干预措施。

Objective To analyze characteristics and related factors of accidental injuries among children under the age of 7. Method Retrospective study was used in analyzing 488 accidental injury cases of children under the age of 7 in Conghua City from January to December in 2012. Results The main causes of children's unintentional injuries were as follows:falls, animal injuries, burn and scald, blunt force injuries, road traffic injuries and the foreign body injuries, there were significant differences between sexes and different age groups(P＜0.01).Boys animal damage ratio was higher than girls (P＜0.01), girls burn proportion was higher than boys (P＜0.05);Among children aged 3~7, the proportion of road traffic injuries was higher than those aged 0~2 years old (P＜0.01), but the proportion of foreign body injuries was lower than those aged 0~2 (P＜0.01).For the children cared by the teachers in the kindergarten, the higher percentage of moderately severe accident occurred. Conclusions In the children's accident harm, the incidence of animal damage is higher, elder children are prone to road traffic injury and younger children prone to foreign body injuries, and collective children is the key of accident prevention, so it should be taken a targeted interventions according to the characteristics of children accidental injuries.