目的 了解广州市荔湾区学龄前儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, OSAHS)的患病情况及影响因素, 为制定干预措施提供依据。方法 选择广州市荔湾区两个街道各随机抽取2个总人数在300人以上的幼儿园为调查单位, 进行身高、体重等体格检查, 用统一的调查方法和调查问卷对儿童家长进行调查, 筛选出习惯性打鼾儿童, 再对之行多导睡眠(polysomnography, PSG)监测。结果 在被调查的1 326名儿童中, 习惯性打鼾者259例, 患病率为19.53%, 其中经PSG监测诊断为OSAHS者96例, 患病率为7.24%, 男女间患病率差异无统计学意义;多因素Logistic回归分析显示父亲经常打鼾、近一年扁桃腺炎发生次数、近一年鼻炎发生次数、身高别体重为影响儿童OSAHS发病的影响因素。结论 荔湾区学龄前儿童OSAHS患病率较高, 引起学龄前儿童OSAHS的独立危险因素较多, 应采取综合措施进行有效干预。

Objective To study prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) of preschool children in Liwan district and provide basis for further interventions. Methods Four kindergartens were selected randomly from two streets in Liwan District, Guangzhou city.The body height and weight of all the children in the four kindergartens were measured, a cross-sectional survey was carried out among their parents.Children who snored habitually were identified.All habitual snoring children were invited to undergo polysomnography (PSG) evaluation. Results There were 1 326 children in this survey.Among them, 259 were habitual snorers.The prevalence rate of habitual snoring was 19.53%.According to the PSG results, 96 children with OSAHS were identified.The prevalence rate of OSAHS was 7.24%.The OSAHS prevalence rates were not significant different between boys and girls.Multiple conditional logistic regression analysis showed that habitual snoring in father, incidence number of tonsillitis and rhinitis and Height standard body weight were the risk factors associated with OSAHS in children. Conclusions The prevalence rate of preschool children OSAHS is high in Guangzhou Liwan District, there are many independent risk factors associated with OSAHS in preschool children.Comprehensive intervention measures should be carried out.