目的 探讨儿童孤独症发病的相关危险因素, 为孤独症的防治提供理论依据。方法 采用成组病例对照研究, 对165例孤独症儿童和320例正常对照组儿童, 采用自编的孤独症危险因素调查表收集相关危险因素、家庭一般情况等资料, 用χ2检验分析两组儿童之间危险因素的差异。结果 病例组母亲高生育年龄(≥35岁)、有人工流产史、母孕期抑郁情绪史、母孕期被动吸烟史及父亲内向所占比例较正常组高(P<0.05), 进一步进行Logistic 回归分析显示母高育龄、孕期抑郁情绪、孕期被动吸烟、有人工流产史以及父亲性格内向为孤独症的危险因素。结论 母亲高龄生育、有人工流产史、孕期抑郁情绪、孕期被动吸烟以及父亲性格内向均可使儿童孤独症发病风险增高。
Abstract
Objective To find out risk factors associated with children with autism and to offer the basis for autistic prevention work. Methods There were 165 patients children with autism and 320 patientscontrol group of children in the case-control study.Questionnaires were used to make up by ourselves to collect maternal risk factors, family and other general information, and then used Chi-square test to analyze the two sets of children's differences in risk factors. Results The proportion of higher maternal age (≥35 years old) and father introverted, higher maternal induced abortion, maternal depression and passive smoking during the pregnant time in autism group were higher than those in the normal group (P<0.05), and logistic analysis showed that higher maternal age, father introverted, higher maternal induced abortion, maternal depression and passive smoking during the pregnant time were the risk factors to autism in children. Conclusion Mother aged (≥35 years old), a history of induced abortion, passive smoking and depression in gestation period and father introverted are risk factors to autism.
关键词
孤独症 /
危险因素 /
儿童
Key words
autism /
risk factors /
children
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Johnson CP, Myers SM, Chidren DC.Identification and evaluation of children with autism spectrum disorders[J].Pediatrics, 2007, 120:1183-1215.
[2] 静进.儿童孤独症的早期诊断和早期干预治疗[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2007, 15(5):453-454.
[3] 鞠红珍, 梁红蕾, 迟翠玲.儿童孤独症及其早期干预研究进展[J].精神医学杂志, 2010, 23(1):75-77.
[4] 樊越波, 揭晓锋, 邹小兵.孤独症患病率回顾[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2008, 16(4):439-440.
[5] Ellefsen A, Kampmann H, Billstedt E.Autism in the Faroe Islands.An epidemiological study[J].J Autism Dev Disord, 2007, 37(3):437-444.
[6] Baird G, Simonoff E, Pickleset A, et al.Prevalence of disorders of the autism spectrum in a population cohort of children in south Thames:the Special Needs and Autism Project(SNAP)[J].Lancet, 2006, 368(2):210-215.
[7] 王馨, 杨文瀚, 金宇, 等.广州市幼儿园儿童孤独症谱系障碍患病率和相关因素[J].中国心理卫生杂志, 2011, 25(6):401-408.
[8] Minshew HJ, Williams DJ.The new neurobiology of autism-Cortex, connectivity, and neuronal organization[J].Arch Neurol, 2007, 64(7):945-950.
[9] Hertz-Picciotto I, Croen LA, Hansen R, et al.The CHARGE study:an epidemiologic investigation of genetic and environmental factors contributing to autism[J].Environ Health Perspect, 2006, 114(7):1119-1125.
[10] Haglund NG, Kallen KB.Risk factors for autism and Asperger syndrome:Perinatal factors and migration[J].Autism, 2011, 15(2):163-183.
[11] 张颖, 徐琼, 鲁萍, 等.孤独症、精神发育迟滞的围生期危险因素及家族史的病例对照研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2012, 20(4):320-322.
[12] 吉卉.高龄妊娠对母儿的影响[J].中国妇幼保健, 2010, 25(24):3415-3416.
[13] 孙彩虹, 王佳, 孙礼, 等.孤独症儿童与正常儿童父母个性特征比较[J].中国学校卫生, 2010, 31(2):131-133.
[14] 韩瑛, 张萍.儿童孤独症的病因及早期干预分析[J].中国优生与遗传杂志, 2009, 17(7):123-135.
[15] 苏媛嫒, 张欣, 李爱月.天津市婴幼儿孤独症患病率与危险因素[J].中国妇幼保健, 2011, 26(32):5004-5007.
[16] Bandim JM, Ventura LO, Miller MT, et al.Autism and mobius sequence:an exploratory study of children in northeastern Brazil[J].Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 2003, 61(2-A):181-190.
[17] Schmitz M, Denardin D, Silva TL, et al.Smoking during pregnancy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, predom inantly inattentive type:a case-control study[J].J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2006, 45(11):1338-1345.
[18] 赵夏薇, 毛萌.孤独症临床危险因素相关研究与进展[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2008, 16(1):67-69.
[19] 潘顺英, 朱晓华.儿童孤独症90 例孕产期危险因素分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2007, 15(1):90-91.
基金
国家自然基金项目(81171293);广东省科技计划项目(2011B031800020);广州市科信局科普项目(2012KP049)
PDF(517 KB)
