目的 了解中学生接触媒体中性相关信息的情况, 与父母、同伴、老师开展交流的状况以及他们所感知到的父母对其接触各类媒体的关注状况。方法 在上海市某区6所学校抽取1 403名中学生进行匿名电子问卷调查, 有效问卷1 390份, 其中初中生668名, 高中生722名。结果 调查对象从各类媒体中接触到性相关内容较多的为恋爱/约会/结婚、异性间的亲密行为、生长发育和不使用避孕措施的后果等(37.4%~88.2%), 而接触到避孕和性病/艾滋病等内容的比例相对较低(13.5%~37.3%), 高中生从各类媒体中接触性相关内容的比例高于初中生, 除在谈恋爱/约会/结婚和不使用避孕措施的后果上, 男生接触的比例低于女生外, 对其余性相关内容的接触, 男生均高于女生, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中学生在接触到上述性相关内容后, 主要选择与同学/同伴交流, 且高中生交流的比例(61.6%~74.7%)高于初中生(33.2%~48.7%), 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高中生父母对其子女接触媒体的关注低于初中生父母, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05), 父亲对子女接触媒体的关注低于母亲。结论 中学生从各类媒体中接触到相当比例的性相关内容, 学校和家庭应积极开展素养教育, 帮助青少年认知媒体中传播的性信息, 特别是在高中生中。

Objective To study the situation of exposure to sexual content in mass media among middle school students, their communication with parents, peers and school teachers about these sexual content they exposed to, and their perceived parents' attention on different types of media that they exposed to. Methods An anonymous computer assisted interview survey about the situation of adolescents' exposure to sexual content in different types of mass media was conducted among 1 403 senior and junior high school students, 668 cases of junior middle school students and 722 cases of senior middle school students were included. Results Among different types of sexual content that respondents exposed to, dating/marriage, sexual intimacy behaviors between opposite sex, puberty development and consequence of unprotected sex accounted for higher percentage, varied from 37.4% to 88.2%, while contraception and STIs/AIDS accounted for lower percentage, varied between 13.5% and 37.3%.The percentage of exposure to different types of sexual contents in mass media was higher among senior high school students than junior high school students, and was higher among male students than female students, except on dating and consequence of unprotected sex, all these differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).When exposed to these sexual contents, respondents mainly chose to talk with classmates/peers rather than parents/teachers, and the percentage among senior students(61.6%~74.7%) was higher than that among junior students(33.2%~48.7%), the difference was significant(P<0.05).On the aspect of perceiving attentions from parents on media exposure, senior students' parents paid lower attention to children' exposure to types of media than that of junior students' parents and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In addition to, respondents perceived that father paid lower attention than mother on the media they exposed to. Conclusions Exposure to sexual content is common among middle school students in Shanghai, China.School and family should react actively, conduct media literacy education to help adolescent learn how to deal with the sexual information in the media, especially among senior high school students.