目的 探讨精神分裂症、情感障碍和神经症等功能性精神障碍青少年的智商特点。方法 用韦氏儿童或成人智力量表对152例功能性精神障碍青少年青少年进行智力测试。结果 1)总智商(full intelligence quotient,FIQ):90.17±18.43,以边缘智商最多占45.39%。言语智商(verbal intelligence quotient,VIQ)(95.86±17.81)＞操作智商(performance intelligence quotient,PIQ)(85.73±17.57)。︱PIQ－VIQ︱<15有85例 (55.92%)。2)精神分裂症组、情感障碍组和神经症组青少年的PIQ 、FIQ总体比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两两比较显示精神分裂症组低于情感障碍组和神经症组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 功能性精神障碍青少年总体智力水平不高,但智力结构发展平衡。精神分裂症、情感障碍和神经症青少年在智商方面各有一定特征性,有助于制定针对性的干预措施。

Objective To study the characteristics of intelligence quotient in adolescents with functional mental disorders. Method A total of 152 cases were tested by Wechsler Child Intelligence Scale or Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-revised in China. Results 1)FIQ:90.17±18.43,the cases were mainly with marginal intelligence quotient(45.39%).VIQ(95.86±17.81)＞PIQ (85.73±17.57).There were 85 adolescents with balance between VIQ and PIQ,which accounted for 55.92% of the total amount.2)There were differences about PIQ and FIQ among schizophrenia group,mood disorder group,and neurosis group (P<0.05).The scores of PIQ and FIQ in schizophrenia group were lower than those of mood disorder group and neurosis group (P<0.05). Conclusions FIQ in adolescents with functional mental disorders are not high,intelligence structure development are balanceable.There are respective characteristics on intelligence quotient among schizophrenia,mood disorder,and neurosis,these may help us to make targeted interventions.