目的 构建南京市4~6岁儿童握力常模,为评价儿童握力提供依据。方法 采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取南京市1 061名4~6岁儿童为研究对象,使用WCS-100型电子握力计,分别测试儿童左右手的最大握力。结果 获得4~6岁男女儿童左右手握力的均值、标准差、P₅、P₂₅、P₇₅、P₉₅参考值。经统计发现,4~6岁儿童随年龄增长,握力逐渐增加,4个年龄组男生握力大于女生握力(t=4.426,5.931,5.889,5.478,P＜0.05),右手握力高于左手(t=-9.260,-9.591,-8.663,-8.709,P＜0.05)。结论 握力是儿童手功能发育及评价儿童体能的一项重要指标,常模构建的结果可为评价儿童握力水平和手功能训练提供依据,为全国儿童握力常模建立提供参考。

Objective To provide therapists,pediatricians and other health-related professionals with preliminary descriptive data on the spherical grip strength of 4~6 years old children. Methods With a stratified random sampling method,1 061 boys and girls were tested using WCS-100 grip dynamometer.The maximum of three trials was used as the grip strength score for each hand.The right and left hands were alternated during testing to allow a 15 seconds rest between trials. Results The average,standard deviation and reference values of eight groups were got respectively.The findings indicated that the maximum grip strength scores increased with an increase in age,the boys' grip strength score was greater than girls' (t=4.426,5.931,5.889,5.478,P＜0.05),and that the right grip strength score was greater than the left(t=-9.260,-9.591,-8.663,-8.709,P＜0.05). Conclusions Grip strength mainly reflects the isometric static muscle strength of the forearm and hand flexor muscle.Grip strength is important in children's writing and activities of daily living.Grip strength measurements were used to assess hand function and fitness.The results can provide clinicians with preliminary descriptive data on the spherical grip strength of 4~6 years old children and provide reference for building the national's norm of grip strength.