目的 探讨铅中毒儿童各年龄期血锌、钙、铁水平,为防治铅中毒、合理补充微量元素提供临床指导。方法 随机选择儿保门诊儿童铅中毒组140例,非铅中毒组140例,分幼儿期、学龄前期、学龄期三个年龄期进行分析。血铅、锌、钙、铁测定采用原子吸收光谱法。结果 铅中毒组儿童各年龄期血铅水平无明显差异,其均值均在轻度铅中毒范围。铅中毒组儿童各年龄期血锌、钙水平明显降低,血锌、钙缺乏检出率明显升高。铅中毒组幼儿期儿童血铁水平明显降低,学龄前期、学龄期儿童血铁水平无明显降低。结论 防治儿童铅中毒应加强锌、钙营养,幼儿应适当加强铁营养。

Objective To explore the levels of zinc,calcium and iron in whole blood of children with lead poisoning in different age phase,and provide clinical guidance for the prevention and treatment of lead poisoning. Methods 140 cases of patient children in children health care with lead poisoning and 140 cases of children as control were divided into three age groups:toddler's age,preschool age and school age.The blood lead,zinc,calcium and iron were detected by atom absorption spectrometry. Results The levels of blood lead in different age group of children with lead poisoning had no significant differences.In comparison with the control group,the levels of blood zinc and calcium were decreased in different age group of children with lead poisoning,and the rates of zinc and calcium deficiency were increased in different age group of children with lead poisoning.In comparison with the control group,the iron level of children with lead poisoning in toddler's age was decreased,and the iron levels of children with lead poisoning in preschool and school age had no significant difference. Conclusions For the prevention and treatment of lead poisoning,the children should strengthen the zinc and calcium nutrients,and the children in toddler's age should strengthen the iron nutrients.