目的 评价早产儿不同时期生长发育迟缓发生率,并分析其相关影响因素。方法 对2011年9月-2012年12月在本院NICU住院的符合入选条件的191例早产儿住院情况及出院后随访情况进行分析。结果 1)以体重进行评价,出生时、出院时及矫正胎龄至48周时、6月龄时生长发育迟缓发生率分别为19.4%、32.5%、24.7%,16.0%,差异有统计学意义。2)以出院体重评价,胎龄、出生体重<P₁₀、有肠外营养PN、首次应用PN日龄、应用PN持续时间是早产儿发生宫外生长发育迟缓(extrauterine growth retardation,EUGR)影响最大的因素。3)以矫正至6月龄时体重评价,出院体重<P₁₀是早产儿发生出院后生长发育迟缓的最大影响因素。结论 应加强对宫内生长发育迟缓(intrauterine growth retardation,IUGR)及EUGR早产儿管理;对早产儿的不同时期均应进行积极的营养支持治疗。

Objective To evaluate preterm infants' growth retardation rate,and analyse its related factors during different periods. Methods From sepetember 2011 to December 2012,data of 191 premature infants in our hospital NICU were collected,including hospitalization and growing of postdischarged. Results 1)By evaluated weight,IUGR,EUGR,corrected gestational age to 48 weeks,corrected gestational age to 6 months growth retardation rate were 19.4%,32.5%,24.7%,16.0%.The differences were statistically significant.2)By discharge weight,gestational age,birth weight<P₁₀,PN,the first application of PN day age,the duration of PN were the most influencing factors to extrauterine growth retardation(EUGR) group.3)By weight of corrected gestational age of 6 months,discharge weight <P₁₀,was the most influencing factor to growth retardation group. Conclusion IUGR and EUGR management should be strengthened;nutritional support treatment should be provided in different period of preterm infants.