目的 研究孕中期母亲铁营养状况与3~5月龄婴儿缺铁性贫血(iron-deficiency anemia,IDA)的关系,为预防儿童IDA的发生提供科学依据。方法 测定妊娠中期母亲和脐带血血清铁蛋白(serum ferritin,SF)和血常规,随访至婴儿3~5月龄,测定婴儿血常规,对血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)低于105 g/L的婴儿采集静脉血测定SF。比较妊娠中期母亲铁营养状况、脐带血SF和3～5月龄婴儿IDA的关系。结果 1) 3~5月婴儿IDA的发生率在孕中期铁缺乏组和正常组分别是12.9%和1.5%(χ²=4.62,P<0.05);2) 脐带血SF<75μg/L的发生率在孕中期铁缺乏组和正常组分别是25.8%和4.6%(χ²=9.6,P<0.05);3)3~5月龄婴儿IDA的发生率在脐带血SF<75 μg/L组是31.6%,脐带血SF≥75 μg/L组是2.8%(χ²=16.21,P<0.01)。结论 妊娠中期母亲轻度缺铁可减少胎儿期铁贮备,与早期婴儿IDA呈正相关。

Objective To investigate the effect of maternal iron levels in second trimester of pregnancy on iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) among infants aged 3~5 months. Method 127 couples of mother-baby were followed up from the second trimester of the mothers' pregnancy till the babies were 3~5 months old.Venous blood samples were collected from 127 pregnant women in the second trimesters from their umbilical cord and used for the determination of hemoglobin(Hb) and serum ferritin(SF).The infants blood samples were collected by fingerprick to measure Hb at the end of the follow-up visit.The maternal iron status and the values of SF were compared with infants IDA. Results 1) The prevalence of IDA of infants aged 3~5 months in the group of iron deficiency was 12.9% and normol iron level was 1.5% (χ²=4.62,P<0.05).2) The prevalence of umbilical cord SF<75 μg/L in the group of maternal iron deficiency was 25.8% and normol iron level was 4.6%(χ²=9.6,P<0.05).3)The prevalence of IDA of infants aged 3~5 months in the group of umbilical cord SF<75 μg/L was 31.6%,in SF≥75 μg/L was 2.8% (χ²=16.21,P<0.01). Conclusions The mild iron deficiency in the pregnant women during the second trimester could decrease the iron storage of fetus and then cause the IDA among infants aged 3~5 months.