目的 了解湖北省农村地区2岁以下婴幼儿母乳喂养及贫血状况。方法 在湖北省农村地区采用整群随机抽样的方法,随机抽取8个市(县)2岁以下婴幼儿1 197名,问卷调查其母乳喂养状况,同时采集末梢血20 μL,测定血红蛋白值。结果 1 197名婴幼儿中,1 125人(94.0%)有母乳喂养史,其中965人(85.8%)有初乳喂养史;大部分(61.8%)婴幼儿在7~12个月断奶,仅6.1%在12个月以后断奶。2岁以下婴幼儿贫血患病率为32.7%,年龄及性别间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。有初乳喂养史的婴幼儿贫血患病率较无初乳喂养史者低,但有无母乳喂养史及不同断奶时间,婴幼儿贫血患病率差异均无统计学意义。结论 初乳喂养可降低婴幼儿贫血患病率,应大力提倡。

Objective To find out breast feeding and anemia status among infants under 2 years old in rural areas of Hubei province. Methods 1 197 infants under 2 years old were investigated using cluster random sampling method in 8 cities(counties) in rural areas of Hubei.Data of breast feeding were collected using questionnaire,and 20μL peripheral blood were collected to measure haemoglobin concentration value. Results 1 125 of the 1 197(94.0%) infants had a history of breast feeding,and 965(85.8%) of those had been fed colostrum.The majority of infants (61.8%) were weaned during 7~12 months old,only 6.1% were weaned after 12 months.The prevalence of anemia among the infants was 32.7%.There were no significant differences on anemia prevalence between different age and sex.The anemia prevalence was lower in infants who had been fed colostrum.But results between whether having breastfeeding history,and between the different time of weaning,did not have significant differences. Conclusion Colostrum feeding is strongly recommended due to its benefit in reducting the prevalence of anemia.