目的 了解上海市0~6岁小于胎龄(small for gestational age,SGA)儿生长发育特点,为其生后保健提供科学依据。方法 通过普查方法对所有于2004年9月1日-2011年10月1日出生的SGA建卡,回顾性调查收集SGA儿童的体检数据,包括身高(2岁以下为身长)、体重、头围、胸围四个指标;分男、女12个年龄点,共计25 431名。儿童SGA分为早产儿及足月儿两类,与适于胎龄儿比较其各年龄段发育水平及增长值。结果 上海市SGA总发病率3.15%,城区发病率约1.87%,郊区发病率约3.42%;SGA 0~6岁期间体格发育水平一直落后于正常儿童;0~6岁三组长速排序为早产儿SGA＞足月儿SGA＞AGA。结论 SGA儿童0~6岁期间均显示追赶生长模式,早产儿SGA具有更大的生长空间。

To investigate the physical growth characteristics of children for (small for gestational age,SGA) in Shanghai. Methods General survey was used.The subjects consisted of 25 431 children.All the children SGA whose birth were September 1,2004 to October 1,2011 were established cards and gathered their physical examination data by retrospective survey,which included height(supine length if under 2 years),weight,head circumference and chest circumference.All the SGA children were classified into 12 age points.SGA were divided into preterm SGA and full-term SGA,then compared the developmental level and growth in value with normal children (AGA). Results The incidence of SGA was 3.15% in Shanghai,1.87% for urban and 3.42% for rural respectively;Compared with the AGA,SGA children falled behind for growth development until 6 years old.The sequence of growth was preterm SGA＞full-term SGA＞AGA until 6 years old. Conclusion SGA at 0~6 years of age showed catch-up growth,SGA in preterm infants have a greater growth potential.