目的 探索智能发育迟缓儿童的气质特征,为临床进行有效的早期干预提供参考依据。方法 采用Carry儿童气质问卷对204例0~3岁智能发育迟缓儿童及112例正常儿童进行测试与比较。 结果 智能发育迟缓儿童气质类型中难养型与启动缓慢型偏多,在节律性、趋避性、适应性、坚持性、注意力维度分值与正常组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。智能迟缓儿男女气质类型相近,但两组在活动水平和坚持性两个维度分值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 智能发育迟缓儿童有其独特的气质特点,应结合其特点,进行早期干预,促进其智力。

Objectiv To study the temperament of cognitive development for high risk infants,and provide a reference for effective clinical early intervention.Method 204 cognitive development for high risk infants and 112 normal infants aged 0~3 years old were tested by two specific questionnaires chosen from the Carey infants' Temperament Questionnaire.Results Significant difference was found between difficult nurturing types and slow startup types.Significant difference were found in rhythm,aversion,adaptation,persistence and attention between the cognitive development for high risk infants and normal infants(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference for temperament types between different genders.Significant difference were found in activity and persistence(P<0.05). Conclusions The temperament of cognitive development for high risk infants has special character.In order to improve their development,measures should be adopted according to its qualities.