目的 了解大庆市普通中小学生抑郁障碍的发生频率及相关家庭影响因素,为学生心理健康干预提供基础数据和依据。方法 利用整群抽样方法对大庆市4所中小学校、1 673名中小学生,采用儿童抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRSC)、家庭环境量表中文版进行问卷调查。 结果 1) 学生抑郁总分为9.93±5.13,男生抑郁状况均分为9.96±5.09,女生为9.88±5.16,差异无统计学意义(t=0.264,P＞0.05);男女生抑郁障碍的阳性检出率差异也无统计学意义(χ2=0.538,P＞0.05)。2) 家庭环境因素中亲密度、情感表达、成功性、知识性、娱乐性、道德宗教观、组织性这7个因素与抑郁状况存在负相关性(P＜0.01),矛盾性与抑郁状况存在正相关性(P＞0.01)。3) 逐步回归分析中亲密度、情感表达、矛盾性、知识性、道德宗教观和组织性进入回归方程,回归系数分别为-0.466、-0.330、0.506、-0.223、-0.163、-0.161 和-0.349。 结论 家庭环境是影响中小学生抑郁状况的原因之一,改善家庭环境有助于提高中小学生的心理健康水平。
Abstract
Objective To study the occurrence of depression symptoms and associated family environment factors in primary and middle school students of Daqing and provide basic data and basis for the students' mental health intervention. Methods Multiple random sample method was used in the study.1 673 primary and middle school students were sampled.Depression Self-rating Scale for Children (DSRSC) and Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version(FES-CV) were used in the sampled students. Results 1) The mean score of DSRSC was 9.93±5.13,boys' and girls' were 9.96±5.09 and 9.88±5.16,respectively and difference was not statistically significant(t=0.264，P＞0.05);The incidence of depression in boys and girls also had no statistical significant difference(χ2=0.538，P＞0.05).2) Close degree,emotional expression,success,informative,entertaining,moral religion and organized in family environment factors had negative correlations with depression(P＜0.01),contradictoriness had passive correlation with depression(P＞0.01).3) Stepwise regression analysis showed that close degree,emotional expression,contradictoriness,informative,moral religion and organized turned into the regression equation,regression coefficients were -0.466,-0.330,0.506,-0.223,-0.163,-0.161 and -0.349 respectively. Conclusions Family environment is one of the reasons which influent primary and middle school students' depression,improving the family environment helps to improve the primary and middle school students' mental health level.
关键词
中小学生 /
抑郁 /
家庭因素
Key words
primary and middle school students /
depression /
family factors
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【作者简介】 罗凯(1982-),男,黑龙江人,初级医师,硕士在读,研究方向为儿童少年心理卫生问题。
【通信作者】 王忆军,E-mail:yijun60@163.com
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