目的 调查社区儿童健康管理规范实施以来试点区0~3岁儿童家长育儿知信行变化趋势及影响因素。方法 2007年和2010年分别收集试点区按照社区0~36个月儿童健康管理规范管理的791名和747名儿童家长调查问卷。采用χ2检验分析规范实施前后试点区0~3岁儿童家长育儿知识、态度、行为的变化,采用Logistic分析其影响因素。 结果 规范实施后,儿童家长对“补铁预防贫血”、“吃肝脏补铁”的知晓率明显提高,儿童家长愿意每次体检找同一个医生有所提高,家长给儿童口腔护理的行为有所改善(P均<0.05);规范实施、文化程度、户口、参加儿童保健是影响儿童家长育儿知识的主要因素;规范实施、户口、系统儿童保健机构是影响儿童家长育儿行为的主要因素。 结论 社区0~3岁儿童健康管理规范的实施在一定程度上提高儿童家长育儿知识,增强利用服务的意识,改善育儿行为。

Objective To investigate parental knowledge,attitude and behavior (KAP) change and influencing factors of 0~3 years old children's parents in community after the implementation of child health management specification in pilot areas. Methods 791 and 747 questionnaires of children's parents were collected who were in pilot areas carried out the implementation of 0~3 years old children's health management specification in 2007 and 2010.χ² test was employed to analysis 0~3 years old children's parents with parental knowledge,attitude and behavior changes before and after the implementation of the specification.Logistic was employed to analyse their impact factors. Results After intervention,children's parents with the awareness of knowledge about "iron to prevent anemia,eat the liver can provide iron'' were significantly improved,the attitude of children's parents to find a doctor for each examination were significantly improved,the behavior of children's parents to the child's oral care were improved (P<0.05);Intervention,education level,household,children's health management were the main factors for parents of children with parental knowledge;intervention,household,children's health care institutions were the main factors to affect the parents of children with parental behavior. Conclusion To some extent,the implementation of community 0~3 years old children health management specification increased parental knowledge and attitudes of children's parents,improving parenting behavior.