目的 探讨高功能孤独症儿童面部表情识认和归因能力与其社会适应能力的关系,为其康复训练提供更全面的依据。方法 对19例高功能孤独症[男17例、女2例,年龄(9.0±1.8)岁]做了本次评估。采用静态中国人物面部表情图片测试被试的表情识别和情绪归因能力,用韦氏儿童智力量表中国修订版评估他们的言语智商、操作智商和总智商,用孤独症行为评定量表评定其症状,用儿童适应行为评定量表评估其社会适应能力。 结果 入组儿童各表情识别及归因得分与社会适应评估各因子得分无相关性,中性、讨厌配对归因得分及伤心目标归因得分与ABC评分呈负相关关系(P＜0.05),认知因子、社会自制因子和适应商与ABC症状评定得分呈负相关关系(P＜0.01),独立因子与操作智商(P＜0.01)、总智商(P＜0.05)呈正相关关系,认知因子与总智商呈正相关关系(P＜0.05),适应商与言语智商、操作智商、总智商均呈正相关关系(P均<0.05)。 结论 症状严重程度影响入组儿童表情理解能力发展及其社会适应能力,其日常生活自理能力可相对独立于情绪理解能力发展。

Objective To investigate the relationship between the ability of facial emotion recognition,attribution and social adaptation in children with high functioning autism. Methods 19 children with high functioning autism (age 9.0±1.8,male to female 17∶2) took part in the tests.Photos chosen from Chinese static facial expression photos were used to evaluate the ability of emotion recognition and emotion attribution.The results of each child's FIQ,PIQ and VIQ were got from WISC-CR.Autism behavior checklist (ABC) and Social Adaptive Checklist (SAC) were used to estimate the behavior and the social adaptation of the subjects respectively. Results There was no statistical correlation between the ability of facial emotion recognition,attribution and the score of SAC.The score of neutral and disgusted emotion attribution was negatively correlated with the score of ABC (P＜0.05),and the score of sad emotion target attribution was also negatively correlated with ABC (P＜0.05).The negative relationship between factor score,total adaptive quotient and ABC was found (P＜0.01).The correlationships between adaptive quotient,factor score and VIQ (P＜0.05),PIQ (P＜0.01) and FIQ (P＜0.01) were all positive.Conclusion The degree of the symptom influences the development of high functioning autistic children's ability to understand emotion expressions and their social adaptation,the self-care ability of these children may relatively independent of the ability of emotion understanding.