【目的】 初步探讨儿童哮喘与生命早期羅患呼吸道疾病之间的关系。 【方法】 共301例哮喘儿童纳入研究,301例非喘息性疾病患儿作为对照。采用向家长书面问卷调查方法询问各组婴儿围生期因素、家族史及既往感染性疾病等资料进行综合调查。 【结果】 本地区儿童早期呼吸道感染和中耳炎患病次数、既往毛细支气管炎、肺炎和支气管炎、新生儿期接受NICU治疗、男性、哮喘家族史、过敏体质以及被动吸烟等均与儿童后期哮喘发病密切相关,而呼吸道感染和中耳炎的发病年龄则与哮喘的关系不明显。 【结论】 本地区儿童早期呼吸道感染和中耳炎患病次数与儿童哮喘的发生发展以及发作程度密切相关,具有上述高危因素的儿童是本地区制定哮喘预防措施重点关注人群。

【Objective】 To evaluate the association of a history of respiratory infection in the first few months after neonatal birth with current asthma in locality. 【Methods】 A total of 301 children with average aged 4 years were recruited into study group and 301 children without asthma were categorized into control group. The parents of these children were responded to a questionnaire covering demographic factors, lifestyle, home environment, and health history, including a detailed history of respiratory conditions. Logistic regression was used to model the association of asthma and asthma severity with history of respiratory infections, controlling for gender, family history of asthma, and other factors. 【Results】 Our data indicated the significant association of current asthma with the numbers of respiratory infection and ear infection in the past year and the morbidity of bronchiolitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, NICU treatment in neonate, male, asthmatic family history, allergies and passive smoking, but not with the first age at first respiratory and ear infection. 【Conclusion】 There is association of early respiratory and ear infection with children's current asthma in locality, and more attention about the prevention of asthma must be paid for children with high risk factors of early infection disease.