【目的】 分析陕西省镇安县36月龄以下婴幼儿出生情况和喂养行为。 【方法】 采用PPS抽样,在陕西省镇安县抽取432名36月龄以下婴幼儿,进行问卷调查。 【结果】 婴儿平均出生体重为3 270 g,身长50.3 cm,性别间无显著差异。低出生体重儿占5.1%,巨大儿占5.6%。婴儿4个月内母乳喂养率为52.3%。分别有4.2%、 26.3%和73%的婴幼儿在4~5月龄、6~11月龄和12~17月龄断奶。该地区0~5月龄婴儿96.7%已添加汤汁饮料类辅食;开始添加半固体软质谷类食物的中位数大多是在6月龄;有一半婴幼儿在7、8月龄开始添加蛋类和肉类;18~35月龄婴幼儿中有一半是在12个月龄时开始添加鱼类;12~17月龄儿中分别有88.4%和56.5%的比例添加了肉类和鱼类。 【结论】陕西镇安农村婴幼儿母乳喂养率很低,婴儿抱奶时间长,断奶过早,辅食添加过早,6月龄以后辅食种类不丰富,添加优质蛋白的时间较晚。建议应在包括镇安在内的贫困农村加大力度宣传母乳喂养,尽量保证母乳喂养,同时要适时、合理地添加辅食。

【Objective】 To analysis the birth information and feeding behaviors of infants under 36 months in Zhen'an county, Shaanxi province. 【Methods】 By PPS sampling method, total 432 infants under 36 months in Zhen'an were chosen and investigated using questionnaires. 【Results】 The average weight of newborn infants reached 3 270 g and the length was 50.3 cm with no significant difference between genders. The proportion of low birth weight and macrosomia was 5.1% and 5.6%, respectively. The proportion of breast-feeding with 4 months was 52.3%. The proportion of weaning in infants aged 4~5 m, 6~11 m and 12~17 m was 4.2%, 26.3% and 73%, respectively. In the infants with complementary foods added, the median of the first time soft grain adding was the 6th month. About half infants started their complementary eggs and meats during their 7th or 8th months. Half of the 18~35m children started eating fish in their 12 months. There were 88.4% and 56.5% of the infants aged 12~17 month have been fed meats and fish, respectively. 【Conclusions】 There is a pretty low proportion of breast feeding and a early weaning in infants under 36 months in Zhen'an, Shaanxi province. Complementary food is not in rich variety and the time adding foods with rich high-quality protein is late. It is necessary to make more efforts to improve breast-feeding and suitable complementary food in underprivileged rural areas including Zhenan county.