【目的】 使用主成分分析方法对北京市不同地区学龄前儿童身体素质状况进行综合评价。 【方法】 选取监测年报中代表各地区3~6岁儿童身体素质单项指标的优秀率作为研究对象,采用统计学中的主成分分析方法进行分析。 单项指标分别为10 m往返跑、立定跳远、网球掷远、双脚持续跳、坐位体前屈及走平衡木。 【结果】 六个主成分的特征值依次为4.860、0.691、0.221、0.142、0.058、0.028,其贡献率依次为81.01%、11.51%、3.69%、2.37%、0.96%、0.47%。第一主成分(Z₁)能够较好地反映出学龄前儿童的速度与灵敏性、爆发力、投掷力、弹跳力及平衡能力等素质的综合水平。根据主成分分值排序表明:北京市远县学龄前儿童的身体素质优于城区学龄前儿童。 【结论】 运用主成分分析能够将信息整合,整体反映学龄前儿童身体素质综合水平。

【Objective】 Applied principal component analysis in assessing preschool children physical quality in different areas of Beijing. 【Methods】 Excellent rate of physical quality indicators were studied which including: shuttle run, standing long jump, throw for distance, eet consecutive jump, seat proneness and walk balance beam by the principal component analysis of preschool children in different areas of Beijing from annual report. 【Results】 6 eigenvectors were4.860,0.691,0.221,0.142,0.058 and 0.028 with their contribution of 81.01%,11.51%,3.69%,2.37%,0.96%and0.47%.The first principal component (Z₁) reflected the overall physical quality level of preschool children, such as speed, sensibility, explosive force, throwing power, springing ability, balance ability and so on were better than the others. A sorting order of the principle component scores showed that the preschool children who living in remote counties had better physical quality than whose living in urban areas in Beijing. 【Conclusion】 Principal component analysis can generalize and reflect the overall level of preschool children physical quality.