目的 分析发展性阅读障碍(DD)儿童家庭功能和阅读能力之间的关系与内在机制,为开展DD儿童家庭支持和家庭干预措施提供参考。方法 于2023年3—7月,采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法从新疆某地区9所小学的3～6年级学生中筛出DD组儿童和正常(TD)对照组儿童各451人,使用一般情况调查表、家庭功能量表、简易应对方式问卷、少年儿童社会适应量表和小学生语文阅读能力测评量表进行问卷调查,用Stroop 程序、2-Back程序以及数字转换程序评定执行功能。采用Amos 26.0构建结构方程模型并进行中介效应检验。结果 1)DD组儿童的家庭功能总分高于TD组(t=3.501,P<0.001);DD组儿童的阅读能力、社会适应能力和父母应对方式得分显著低于TD组(t=-26.375、-11.309、-2.341,P<0.05);DD组儿童的2-Back程序、Stroop程序和数字转换程序的正确率均显著低于TD组(t=-4.107、-7.336、-6.114,P<0.001);2)DD儿童家庭功能得分与阅读能力、社会适应、积极应对、2-BackACC、StroopACC和数字转换ACC呈负相关(r=-0.64~-0.32,P<0.01),与消极应对呈正相关(r=0.62,P<0.01);3)家庭功能对DD儿童阅读能力的直接效应显著(β=-0.144,P<0.05),同时可通过执行功能、社会适应、父母应对方式的中介作用对阅读能力产生间接效应(β=-0.552,P<0.001)。结论 家庭功能水平是影响DD儿童阅读能力的重要因素,执行功能、社会适应和父母应对方式在其中起多重中介作用。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the relationship and internal mechanism between family functioning and reading ability in children with developmental dyslexia (DD), in order to provide reference for family support and intervention measures for DD children. Methods From March to June 2023, a multistage random cluster sampling method was used to screen out 451 children with DD and 451 typically developed(TD) children from the 3rd to 6th grade students in 9 primary schools in a certain region of Xinjiang. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire, Family Functioning Scale, Simple Coping Styles Questionnaire, Social Adaptation Inventory for Children and Adolescents, and Elementary School Children's Language Reading Ability Measurement Inventory. The Stroop program, 2-Back program, and digit span program were used to evaluate executive function. Amos 26.0 was used to construct a structural equation model and test the mediating effects. Results 1) The total score of family functioning in the DD group was higher than that in the TD group (t=3.501, P<0.001); the reading ability, social adaptation ability, and parental coping style scores of children in the DD group were significantly lower than those in the TD group (t=-26.375, -11.309, -2.341, P<0.05); the accuracy of the 2-Back task, Stroop task, and number conversion task in children of the DD group were all significantly lower than those in the TD group (t=-4.107, -7.336, -6.114, P<0.001); 2) The family functioning score in DD children was negatively correlated with reading ability, social adaptation, positive coping, 2-Back accuracy, Stroop accuracy, and number conversion accuracy (r=-0.64~-0.32, P<0.01), and positively correlated with negative coping (r=0.62, P<0.01); 3) Family functioning had a significant direct effect on the reading ability of DD children (β=-0.144, P<0.05) ,and it also had an indirect effect on reading ability through the mediating of executive function, social adaptation, and parental coping style (β=-0.552, P<0.001). Conclusion The level of family functioning is an important factor affecting the reading ability of DD children, with executive function, social adaptation, and parental coping styles playing multiple mediating roles.
关键词
家庭功能 /
发展性阅读障碍 /
阅读能力 /
儿童
Key words
family functioning /
developmental dyslexia /
reading ability /
children
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基金
新疆生产建设兵团科技计划项目(2023ZD033);2023年新疆维吾尔自治区研究生教育创新计划项目(202368)
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