目的 调查青少年抑郁症患者自杀态度、意念,并分析其与家庭环境的关系,旨在为临床治疗青少年抑郁症并降低其自杀率提供相关依据。方法 选取2019年3月—2021年10月六安地区确诊的376例青少年抑郁症患者作为研究对象设为病例组,另选取376例正常青少年设为对照组。采用自杀态度调查问卷(QSA)、Beck自杀意念评估量表(BSS)、家庭环境量表(FES-CV)对两组青少年的自杀态度、自杀意念及家庭环境进行调查,并采用Logistic回归分析法分析青少年抑郁症患者自杀态度、意念的影响因素。采用Pearson相关性检验分析青少年抑郁症患者自杀态度、意念与家庭环境的相关性。结果 病例组的QSA、BSS量表得分高于对照组(t=43.352、96.527,P＜0.001);病例组FES-CV量表中的亲密度、情感表达、知识性、娱乐性得分低于对照组(t=25.487、14.573、22.160、18.906,P＜0.001),矛盾性得分高于对照组(t=30.311),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄20~25岁(OR=2.016、2.261)、病情重度(OR=2.115、2.192)、成长环境为城市(OR=2.442、2.557)均为青少年抑郁症患者对自杀持积极态度、自杀意念强的危险因素(P＜0.05)。病例组的QSA、BSS量表得分与FES-CV量表中的亲密度、情感表达、知识性、娱乐性得分均呈负相关(QSA:r=-0.891、-0.933、-0.788、-0.698,BSS:r=-0.901、-0.832、-0.725、-0.637,P＜0.05),与矛盾性得分呈正相关(r=0.848、0.883,P＜0.05)。结论 青少年抑郁症患者的自杀态度、意念均高于正常青少年,年龄、病情、成长环境均为青少年抑郁症患者自杀态度、意念的影响因素,且患者自杀态度、意念与家庭环境密切相关。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the suicidal attitude, ideation of adolescent patients with depression, and to analyze their relationships with family environment,in order to provide evidence for the clinical treatment of adolesent depression and to reduce the suicide rate. Methods Totally 376 adolescentsdiagnosed with depression in Lu'an area from March 2019 to October 2021 were selected as the case group, and 376 normal adolescents were selected as the control group.The suicide attitude questionnaire (QSA), Beck scale for suicide ideation (BSS) and family environment scale (FES-CV) were used to investigate the suicide attitude, suicidal ideation and family environmentof adolescents in two groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of suicide attitude and ideation of adolescent depression patients.Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the correlations between suicidal attitude, ideation and family environment of adolescent patients with depression. Results The scores of QSA and BSS in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group(t=43.352, 96.527, P＜0.001).The scores of intimacy, emotional expression, knowledge and entertainment in FES-CV of the case group were lower than those of the control group(t=25.487, 14.573, 22.160, 18.906), the score of contradiction was higher than that of the control group (t=30.311),and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that age of 20 - 25 years old (OR=2.016,2.261), severe illness (OR=2.115, 2.192), dwelling in city (OR=2.442, 2.557) were all risk factors for suicidal attitude and ideation in adolescent depression patients (P<0.05).The scores of QSA and BSS in the case group were negatively correlated with the scores of intimacy, emotional expression, knowledge and entertainment in FES-CV (QSA: r=-0.891,-0.933,-0.788,-0.698, BSS: r=-0.901,-0.832,-0.725,-0.637, P<0.05), but they were positively correlated with the score of contradiction (r=0.848, 0.883, P<0.05). Conclusions The suicidal attitude, ideation of adolescents with depression are higher than those of normal adolescents. Age, illness and growth environment are all influencing factors for suicidal attitudes and ideation in adolescent depression patients, of which the suicide attitude, ideation of patients are closely related to family environment.
关键词
青少年 /
抑郁症 /
自杀态度 /
自杀意念 /
家庭环境
Key words
adolescent /
depression /
suicidal attitude /
suicidal ideation /
family environment
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基金
安徽省2020年度高校科学研究项目(KJ2020B006)
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