中国西部贫困地区学龄儿童生长发育及营养状况与社会经济状况关联分析

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2023-0043

中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10): 1058-1064.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2023-0043

中国西部贫困地区学龄儿童生长发育及营养状况与社会经济状况关联分析

李超^1,2, 高利旺³, 吴妍¹, 魏炜⁴, 张姣², 颜雅婷¹, 刘敏⁵, 赵莉⁵, 王友发¹

1.西安交通大学全球健康研究院,公共卫生学院,陕西西安 710061;
2.陕西省核工业二一五医院科教部,陕西咸阳 712000;
3.国家儿童医学中心首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院,儿童慢病管理中心;
4.中国医科大学健康科学研究院;
5.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院

收稿日期:2023-01-11 修回日期:2023-04-18 发布日期:2023-10-23 出版日期:2023-10-10
通讯作者: 王友发,E-mail: youfawang@gmail.com
作者简介:李超(1988-),男,陕西人,硕士研究生在读,主治医师,主要从事儿童肥胖相关研究。
基金资助:
全民营养科研基金(CNS-NNSRG2019-97)

Correlation of growth development and nutritional status with socioeconomic status in school-age children from poor areas of western China

LI Chao^1,2, GAO Liwang³, WU Yan¹, WEI Wei⁴, ZHANG Jiao², YAN Yating¹, LIU Min⁵, ZHAO Li⁵, WANG Youfa¹

1. Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi′an, Shaanxi 710061, China;
2. Ministry of Science and Education,No.215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, China;
3. Center for Non-communicable Disease Management National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University,Beijing Children's Hospital;
4. Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University;
5. West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University

Received:2023-01-11 Revised:2023-04-18 Online:2023-10-10 Published:2023-10-23
Contact: WANG Youfa, E-mail: youfawang@gmail.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探究中国西部贫困地区学龄儿童生长发育和营养状况,及其与社会经济状况(SES)的关系,为贫困地区儿童生长发育与营养状况改善提供建议。方法依托中国贫困地区学龄儿童营养状况调查及改善研究项目,2020年10—12月纳入陕西和四川两省3个国家级贫困县1 059名学龄儿童及其父母为研究对象。对儿童进行体格测量,并对儿童及其父母进行问卷调查。主成分分析法纳入父/母文化程度、职业和家庭月收入5项指标构建SES作为解释变量。采用混合效应模型分析SES与生长发育(身高、体重、腰围、BMI)和营养状况(生长迟缓、消瘦、超重肥胖、中心性肥胖)的关系。结果学龄儿童的生长迟缓、消瘦、超重肥胖、肥胖、中心性肥胖率分别为2.8%、7.4%、26.0%、14.4%、24.5%。高SES组比低SES组儿童的腰围、BMI分别高2.50cm(95%CI:1.14～3.86)、0.76kg/m²(95%CI:0.27～1.25),超重肥胖和中心性肥胖风险分别高63%(OR＝1.63, 95%CI:1.12～2.38)、62%(OR=1.62, 95%CI:1.10～2.39)(P<0.05)。结论西部贫困地区儿童面临双重营养不良的挑战。SES与儿童生长发育的相关指标、超重肥胖和中心性肥胖风险呈正相关。在消除贫困地区儿童消瘦的同时需要遏制肥胖的快速增加,同时重视儿童家庭环境和营养状况的改善。

关键词: 社会经济状况, 学龄儿童, 生长发育, 营养状况, 贫困地区

Abstract: Objective To study growth, development, and nutritional status of school-age children in poor areas of western China, and to analyze their relationship with socioeconomic status (SES), so as to provide recommendations for future work. Methods This study recruited1 059 children and their parents from 3 poverty-stricken counties in Shaanxi and Sichuan provinces, using data collected from the "Study of Nutritional Status and Improvement of School-age Children in Poor Areas of China". Physical measurements were taken, and a questionnaire survey was administered to the children and their parents. Principal component analysis was used to construct SES as explanatory variables, including five indicators of parental education, occupation, and family monthly income. The correaltion of SES and growth (height, weight, waist circumference and BMI) with nutritional status (stunting, wasting, overweight/obesity and central obesity) was analyzed using a mixed-effects model. Results The prevalence of stunting, wasting, overweight/obesity, obesity, and central obesity among school-age children was 2.8%, 7.4%, 26.0%, 14.4%, and 24.5%, respectively. Compared with the low SES group, school-age children with high SES had a higher waist circumference and BMI, increased by 2.50cm (95%CI:1.14 - 3.86) and 0.76kg/m² (95%CI: 0.27 - 1.25) respectively (P < 0.05). They were also more likely to be overweight/obese and have central obesity, with an increased risk of 63% (OR=1.63, 95%CI:1.12 - 2.38) and 62% (OR=1.62,95%CI:1.10 - 2.39) respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions SES is positively correlated with school-age children's growth indices and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in impoverished areas of western China, where children face the double burden of malnutrition. While efforts are made to eliminate wasting, it is necessary to control the rapid increase in obesity prevalence and focus on improving children's family environment and nutritional status.

Key words: socioeconomic status, school-age children, growth and development, nutritional status, impoverished areas

中图分类号:

R179

李超, 高利旺, 吴妍, 魏炜, 张姣, 颜雅婷, 刘敏, 赵莉, 王友发. 中国西部贫困地区学龄儿童生长发育及营养状况与社会经济状况关联分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(10): 1058-1064.

LI Chao, GAO Liwang, WU Yan, WEI Wei, ZHANG Jiao, YAN Yating, LIU Min, ZHAO Li, WANG Youfa. Correlation of growth development and nutritional status with socioeconomic status in school-age children from poor areas of western China[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2023, 31(10): 1058-1064.

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中国西部贫困地区学龄儿童生长发育及营养状况与社会经济状况关联分析

Correlation of growth development and nutritional status with socioeconomic status in school-age children from poor areas of western China

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