目的 了解西安市某城乡结合部青少年健康相关行为现况及影响因素,为开展该地区青少年健康教育工作提供依据。 方法 2019年9-10月采用随机整群抽样的方法调查748名青少年,对其锻炼、饮食、上网、吸烟、饮酒、伤害(自杀意念)和性相关行为进行问卷调查,通过二分类Logistic回归分析可能的影响因素。 结果 该地区青少年缺乏锻炼、偏食、吸烟、饮酒、上网过量、自杀意念和性相关行为的报告率分别为52.1%、40.7%、14.3%、30.8%、22.0%、14.6%、19.3%。Logistic回归分析危险因素结果显示,缺乏锻炼包括女性、高中生、体重、父母要求宽松、孤独感;偏食包括每月生活费偏多、学习压力偏重;吸烟包括男性、年龄、学习成绩稍差、孤独感;饮酒包括男性、年龄、每月生活费偏多、孤独感;上网过量包括男性、初中生、父母要求宽松、学习成绩偏差;自杀意念包括城镇、独生子女、父母关系一般或较差、学习压力偏重、孤独感;性相关行为包括男性、高中生、父母要求宽度、孤独感。 结论 西安市城乡结合部青少年部分健康相关行为的报告率仍较高,尤其是偏食行为较高,其中,男生易发生上网过量、吸烟、饮酒和性相关行为,孤独和学习压力是多个健康相关行为的危险因素。应多加强对青少年的情感引导和男生的健康行为引导。

Objective To understand the health-related behavior status of Xi ′an urban and rural area adolescents and its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for adolescent health education. Methods By using random cluster sampling method, 748 adolescents were surveyed from September to October 2019 with questionnaires about exercise, diet, internet use, smoking, drinking, suicidal ideation and sex-related behaviors.Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The reported rates of lack of exercise, dietary bias, smoking, drinking, excessive internet use, suicidal ideation and sex-related behaviors were 52.1%, 40.7%, 14.3%, 30.8%, 22.0%, 14.6% and 19.3%, respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for lack of exercise included female, high school students, weight, parents′ relaxed requirements, loneliness; risk factors for partial eating behavior included more monthly living expenses and heavy learning stress; risk factors for smoking included male, age, poor academic record, loneliness; risk factors for included male, age, more monthly living expenses, loneliness; risk factors for excessive online time included male, junior school students, parents′ relaxed requirements, poor academic performance; risk factors for suicidal ideation included living in town, only child, poor parental relationship, heavy learning stress, loneliness; sex-related behaviors included male, high school students, parents′ relaxed requirements and loneliness. Conclusions The rate of self-reported health-related behaviors is still high, especially the partial eating behavior.Boys are more prone to excessive internet use, smoking, drinking and sex-related behaviors.Loneliness and study stress affect multiple health-related behaviors.So it is supposed to strengthen the emotional guidance for teenagers and help the boys to establish healthy behavior.