目的 分析孕前体重、孕期增加体重、儿童期饮食行为对儿童体重的影响,为管理儿童体重提供一定的科学依据。方法 选取2014年1月—2016年12月在南京大学医学院附属泰康仙林鼓楼医院及南通大学附属东台医院产科分娩的512例产妇及512例婴儿,收集母亲孕前体重指数(BMI)、孕期增重等资料。2019年12月—2020年3月随访并测量上述512名儿童的身高、体重,评定饮食行为。采用相关统计方法分析孕前体重、孕期增加体重、儿童期饮食行为对儿童体重的影响。结果 512名儿童年龄为3~6岁,有12.70%儿童超重/肥胖。相比于体重正常儿童,超重/肥胖儿童的母亲孕前超重/肥胖更常见(10.51% vs 38.46%,χ2=37.512,P=0.001),孕期超重更常见(7.83% vs 43.78%,χ2=75.201,P=0.001);不良饮食习惯、挑食、过饱响应得分更高(P=0.001)。Logistic回归分析也表明孕前体重(OR=1.109,95%CI:1.025~1.213)、孕期体重增加(OR=1.098, 95%CI:1.031~1.261)、儿童期饮食行为中不良饮食习惯(OR=1.113, 95%CI:1.054~1.257)、挑食(OR=1.257, 95%CI:1.232~1.467)、过饱响应(OR=1.284, 95%CI:1.135~1.513)是儿童超重的危险因素。结论 儿童体重受母亲孕前体重、孕期增重以及儿童期饮食习惯的综合影响。合理控制孕前BMI及孕期增重,积极指导儿童建立健康的饮食行为,有助于降低儿童超重/肥胖的发生率。
Abstract
Objective To explore the effects of pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy, and childhood dietary behavior on children's weight, so as to provide a scientific basis for the management of children's weight. Methods A total of 512 parturients and 512 infants who were delivered in the obstetrics department of Taikang Xianlin Gulou Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected. The data of mothers' pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and weight gain during pregnancy were collected for statistical analysis. Children were followed up from December 2019 to March 2020. Their height and weight were measured, and eating behaviors were evaluated. The effects of pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy, and childhood dietary behaviors on children's weight were analyzed. Results Totally 12.70% of the 512 children aged 3 to 6 years old were detected with overweight/obese. Compared with normal weight children, children whose mothers were overweight/obese before pregnancy (10.51% vs.38.46%,χ*＝37.512, P=0.001) and overweight during pregnancy were more likely to be overweight/obese(7.83% vs. 43.78%, χ2=75.201, P＝0.001). Also, poor eating habits, picky eating and satiety response scores were higher in overweight/obese children (P=0.001). Logistic regression analysis also showed that pre-pregnancy weight(OR=1.109,95%CI:1.025—1.213), weight gain during pregnancy(OR=1.098, 95%CI:1.031—1.261) and dietary behavior in childhood including poor eating habits(OR=1.113, 95%CI:1.054—1.257), picky eating(OR=1.257, 95%CI:1.232—1.467), and satiety response(OR=1.284, 95%CI:1.135—1.513) significantly affected children's weight. Conclusions Children's weight could be affected by pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy and dietary behavior in childhood. Reasonable control of BMI before pregnancy and weight gain during pregnancy, and active guidance for children to establish healthy dietary behavior will help to reduce the incidence of overweight/obesity in children.
关键词
孕期 /
体重指数 /
饮食行为 /
儿童 /
超重 /
肥胖
Key words
pregnancy /
body mass index /
dietary behavior /
children /
overweight /
obesity
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