目的 研究不同喂养方法的婴儿免疫功能状况,指导婴儿合适的喂养方法。方法 选取2014年1月-2015年1月本院产科分娩出生的健康足月儿69例为研究对象,按喂养方法的不同分为母乳喂养组(Ⅰ组)、部分母乳喂养组(Ⅱ组)及人工喂养组(Ⅲ组),分别于1、3、6、12月龄定期门诊随访,观察呼吸道感染的发生情况,检测外周血中白细胞介质-6(IL-6)、血IgG、IgM、IgA水平,对检测结果进行分析。结果 Ⅰ组12月龄内反复呼吸道感染人次与Ⅲ组比较差异有统计学意义(χ²=5.463,P=0.019);血IgG 在6月龄时Ⅰ组(7.189±1.525)高于Ⅱ组(6.136±1.105)及Ⅲ组(5.240±1.065),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血IgM在6月龄时Ⅰ组(0.784±0.268)高于Ⅱ组(0.675±0.189)及Ⅲ组(0.527±0.190),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);12月龄时Ⅰ组(1.485±0.427)和Ⅱ组(1.392±0.452)之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但两者与Ⅲ组(0.858±0.390)相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);血IgA在1、3、6、12月龄组间两两之间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);血IL-6在 6月龄时Ⅰ组(14.782±2.487)、Ⅱ组(12.520±2.014)与Ⅲ组(11.051±1.904)间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),12月龄时,Ⅰ组(16.285±3.112)和Ⅱ组(15.854±3.281)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但两者与Ⅲ组(12.058±2.840)相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 喂养方法对婴儿免疫功能有一定影响,母乳喂养可增强婴儿免疫力,降低婴儿反复呼吸道感染患病率。母乳量不足,及时添加配方奶喂养,可防止婴儿免疫力下降。

Objective To explore the different feeding methods of baby immune function,and guide baby appropriate feeding practices. Methods Totally 69 cases healthy term infants were selected who born from Xiaogan Affiliated Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technalogy during the time from January 2014 to January 2015 as research objects.According the different feeding methods to dividing them into three groups,breastfeeding group(group Ⅰ),partial breastfeeding group(group Ⅱ)and artificial group(group Ⅲ),whom had regularly outpatient follow-up visits respectively in 1,3,6 months age and 12 months age.The occurrence of respiratory tract infection,test blood interleukin-6 (IL-6),blood IgG,IgM and IgA level in peripheral blood were observed,and the test results were analyzed. Results Group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ had obvious difference in the number of recurrent respiratory tract infections within 12 months age (χ²=5.463,P=0.019);The content of blood IgG had significant differences (P<0.05)in 6 months age,that of group Ⅰ(7.189±1.525) was higher than that of group Ⅱ (6.136±1.105) and group Ⅲ (5.240±1.065);The content of blood IgM had significant differences (P<0.05)in 6 months age,that of group Ⅰ(0.784±0.268) higher than that of group Ⅱ(0.675±0.189) and group Ⅲ(0.527±0.190).And the blood IgM content between group Ⅰ(1.485±0.427) and group Ⅱ(1.392±0.452)had no significant differences in 12 months age,but both groups had obvious differences compared with group Ⅲ(P<0.05);The content of blood IgA had significant differences in 1,3,6 and 12 months (P<0.05);The content of blood interleukin-6 had significant differences between three groups during 6 months age,as follows group Ⅰ(14.782±2.487),group Ⅱ(12.520±2.014) and group Ⅲ(11.051±1.904);It had no obvious differences (P>0.05) in 12 months age between group Ⅰ (16.285±3.112) and group Ⅱ(15.854±3.281),but both had significant differences compared with group Ⅲ(12.058±2.840)(P>0.05). Conclusions Feeding methods have effects on infants immune function,especially breastfeeding can increase infants immunity and reduce their repeated respiratory infection prevalence.When mothers have no enough breast milk,timely adding formula feeding can prevent the baby immune suppression.